exam two place/leisure, exercise, and media screen time

The first three stages of piagets Stages of cognitive development are making sense of the world around us with

Our senses

Exploring and understanding senses makes how we see the world and is how our brain and minds develop

The first decade of life we need to physically

Engage with the world

Early childhood

Ages 3 to 5

The play years

Development of play in early childhood

Non-social/sensory motor play

Parallel play

Associative play

Cooperative play

Games with rules

Non-social/sensory motor play

Birth to 18 months

Tasting and touching everything

Relies on physical senses to explore world

Parallel play

18 months to four years

When child is with other children and both have toy, but not interacting

Associative play

Two kids playing and communicating about using each other‘s toy, but still working on their own

Middle of parallel and cooperative

Cooperative play

4 to 5 years old

Working together on a thing like building Sandcastle

Have skills to communicate what they want to do

Play in middle childhood

Games with rules and multiple players

Rough and tumble play

Adult organized play

UnStructured outdoor play

Games with rules and multiple players

Sports and invented games

Rough and tumble play

Wrestle, physical, rough

More of this is associated with more Socio emotional control

You have to be visualant that you are not hurting the other person

Adult organized play

PE

Recreational/club/team sports

Importance of unstructured outdoor play

Sun exposure, exercise, risktaking/resilience, socialization, appreciation of nature, executive function

Children who play do better in

School

Kids who are more fit do better on

Standardized test

An early childhood play is essential to

Brain development

Maturation of cerebellum and cerebral cortex

The brain continues to develop for the first

25 years of life

Skills learned in a free unstructured play

Social/interpersonal

Language

Physical

Cognitive/academic

Threats of less time playing

Piaget and senses

Electronic media/Vygotsky And private speech

Piaget And self talk - Talk to themselves and narrate, Important for practicing norms, when TV is on self talk is greatly minimized, which isn’t good for speech development

Kids who spend 4 to 7 hours on screens a day have higher levels of

Depression – two times as high for those who’s spend seven hours a day

Anxiety

And lower levels of happiness

Screen Time recommendations for 18 months and younger

Avoid use of screen media, other than video chatting

Screen Time recommendations for 18 to 24 months

Parents of children who want to introduce it should choose high-quality programming and watch it with their children to help them understand what they are seeing

Screen Time recommendations for 2 to 5 years

Limit screen used to one hour per day of high-quality programs and they should be co-viewed media to help them understand what they are seeing and apply it to the world around them

Screen Time recommendations for 6 to 12 years

Place consistent limits on the time spent using media and the types

Screen Time recommendations for 12 years and older

Designate media free times together such as dinner or driving as well as media free locations at home such as bedrooms

Positive correlations of video games

Hand eye coordination

Calculated risktaking and strategic planning

Development of problem-solving skills

Connection to friends/sense of belonging and community

Negative correlates of video games

Addiction, obesity, violence, weakened social skills, lack of control over remote social connections

In adolescence, what increases

Motor and physical skills and capacity

Capable of playing sports at high levels

In adolescence, what decreases

Activity levels

Exercise in adulthood recommendations

150 minutes of moderate intensity, aerobic activity every week

Two times per week muscle strengthening activities on two or more days a week that work all major muscle groups

In 20 2024% Met guidelines for exercise in adulthood

Males are more likely to attain the exercises and goals

Females are involved more in childcare, which is like a second shift

More often, the more vigorous the exercise

The better

Who is less likely to exercise?

Southerners

Benefits of exercise in adulthood

Reduces fat, build muscle

Boost immune system

Cardiovascular benefits – metabolic disorder/chronic disease, less likely

Cognitive benefits – faster info processing/fluid intelligence, better memory/hippocampal function

Mental health benefits – depression/anxiety/stress, self-esteem

Longer life – Lengthens telomeres

Exercise in late adulthood becomes more

Important because rate of decline increases

T or f rough and tumble play a vigorous form of play that involves children wrestling tickling chasing or being bounced swung or lifted has been found to lead to injury and increased aggression and should be discouraged

False

What happens to what vygotsky calls private speech and Piaget calls self talk among kids in early childhood while the tv is turned on in their home

Private speech or self talk disappears while tv is on

Themes in the literature discussed in class regarding children engaging in excessive screen time include what

Social skill impairment

Mental health issues

Worse grades in school

Addiction

Sleep impairment

Two children are pretending they have a restaurant

They have a play kitchen set and when one of them makes the pretend food they hand it to the other one who gives it to the customer

What kind of play is this

Cooperative play

In which area in the US in inactivity the most prevalent among people

South or southeast