Lesson 15 - 18: Environmental Protection, Urban Forestry, Water Management & National Security

What are the Seven Environmental Principles?

Balance of Nature, Biodiversity, Interconnectedness, Change, Materials Cycles, Finiteness, Stewardship.

What does 'Balance of Nature' refer to?

The equilibrium in ecosystems where all species and elements coexist harmoniously.

What is meant by 'Biodiversity'?

The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

What does 'Interconnectedness' signify in environmental principles?

The concept that all elements of nature are linked and impact one another.

What does the principle 'Everything Changes' imply?

It indicates that the environment is dynamic and constantly evolving.

What does 'Materials Cycles' refer to?

The natural processes that recycle nutrients in the environment.

What does 'Finiteness' mean in the context of environmental principles?

It emphasizes that Earth's resources are limited and should be used sustainably.

What is 'Stewardship' in environmental principles?

The responsibility to manage and protect the environment as caretakers.

What is R.A. 9003?

The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, promoting systematic waste management.

What is the purpose of R.A. 9275?

The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 aims to protect water bodies from pollution.

What does R.A. 6969 address?

The Toxic Substances, Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990 aims to manage hazardous materials.

What is the focus of R.A. 8435?

The Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997 focuses on sustainable agricultural practices.

What does R.A. 8749 aim to achieve?

The Clean Air Act of 1999 aims to improve air quality and reduce pollution.

What is the goal of R.A. 9512?

The National Environmental Awareness and Education Act of 2008 promotes environmental education.

What does R.A. 9513 promote?

The Renewable Energy Act of 2008 promotes the development and use of renewable energy resources.

What is Urban Forestry?

A branch of forestry focusing on the cultivation and management of trees in urban areas.

What are the benefits of Urban Forestry?

Enhances aesthetic value, provides shade, and contributes to environmental health.

What historical program was established in 1988 for urban greening in the Philippines?

The Metro Greening Program, known as the 'Luntiang Kamaynilaan' Program.

What was the purpose of the 'Hardin ng Bayan' program?

To transform Metro Manila into a greener space by planting trees.

What initiative did President Fidel V. Ramos launch in 1992?

The Clean and Green Program to promote environmental cleanliness.

What was the Ecological Revolution (EcoRev93-98)?

An initiative launched in 1993 to promote ecological awareness and action.

What significant tree planting drive was launched in 1993?

A nationwide initiative mobilizing students for tree planting across the country.

What program did Cerilles launch to promote environmental protection?

The Let's Go Green Program

What is P.D. 953 related to?

Environmental Protection, requiring tree planting and penalizing unauthorized cutting of vegetation.

What climatic benefit do trees provide?

Trees ameliorate air temperature by controlling solar radiation.

How do trees enhance architectural aesthetics?

They soften architectural lines and introduce naturalness to stark settings.

What engineering problems can trees help solve?

Soil erosion, air pollution, noise abatement, traffic control, and glare reduction.

How do trees abate pollution?

They reduce particulate air pollutants through their presence.

What is 'invisible pollution'?

Excessive or unwanted noise that affects physical and physiological health.

What role do trees play in traffic control?

They can direct or channel vehicular, pedestrian, and animal traffic.

What are target areas for urban forest development?

Parks, street right-of-way, public buildings and grounds, extraterritorial lands, riparian areas, and private lands.

What is the significance of fresh water?

It is essential for life and has numerous specific uses.

What is a major issue in water resources management?

Water scarcity affects 450 million people in 29 countries.

What is the estimated groundwater production in the Philippines?

About 2,518 million cubic meters per year.

What percentage of the Philippines' land area do watersheds cover?

About 70 percent.

What is the size of the Philippines' coral reef area?

Approximately 27,000 square kilometers.

What percentage of water use does agriculture account for in the Philippines?

86 percent.

What is the expected growth of water demand in the Philippines by 2025?

From 43,000 million cubic meters per year in 2000 to 88,400 million cubic meters per year.

What are the main sources of water pollutants?

Domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, agricultural runoff, storm-water runoff, and naturally occurring sources.

What is the role of trees in reducing glare?

They help control reflection from shiny surfaces like glass and steel.

What are riparian areas?

River fronts, canals, lakeshores, and seashores that are part of the urban forest.

What is the 'tragedy of the commons'?

A concept contrasting unsustainable practices with sustainable development.

What is the significance of public parks in urban forestry?

They provide areas devoted to public recreation and enhance urban green spaces.

How do trees contribute to noise abatement?

They can absorb and deflect sound, reducing noise pollution.

What is the role of trees in enhancing privacy?

They can provide screening and privacy control in urban settings.

What is the importance of water conservation?

It is necessary to prevent water pollution and ensure sustainable water sources.

What is the impact of urban forestry on air quality?

Trees improve air quality by filtering pollutants and providing oxygen.

What are the benefits of urban forestry for wildlife?

It provides habitats and food sources for various species.

How do trees affect urban heat islands?

They help mitigate the heat by providing shade and cooling through transpiration.

What is the biggest water pollution problem in the country?

Domestic sewage

What type of wastewater is a major contributor to surface water pollution?

Industrial wastewater

What are non-point sources of pollution?

Sources that contribute extraneous materials into watercourses from a wide area, such as agricultural run-off and urban storm water run-off.

What is a serious concern from inefficient solid waste management?

Its contribution to water quality deterioration.

What is the definition of national security according to the National Security Council (NSC)?

A state or condition where cherished values, democratic way of life, and well-being of the nation are protected and enhanced.

What does the National Intelligence Coordinating Agency (NICA) define as national security?

The state where the people's way of life is protected and advanced.

What is one function of the National Security Council (NSC)?

To advise the President on integrating domestic, foreign, and military policies related to national security.

What is the main internal threat to national security in the Philippines?

The Moro Islamic Liberation Front (****) and Abu Sayaf Group (ASG).

Which group poses a serious threat to national security despite being weakened?

The Communist Party of the Philippines/New People's Army/National Democratic Front (CCP/NPA/NDF).

What major issue has grown into a national security threat in the Philippines?

Illegal drugs.

What serious threat to national security is caused by poverty?

It breeds rebellion, crime, and dissidence.

What is one external threat to national security related to territorial disputes?

The multilateral dispute over the Spratly Islands.

What is a consequence of economic disparity between nations?

It keeps the world in a state of instability and on the brink of war.

What type of crime has proliferated in the era of globalization?

Transnational organized crime.

What is a growing global threat related to technology?

Cybernetic crime.

What are some types of security threats mentioned?

Rebellion, murder, hijacking, terrorism, crime, kidnapping.

What role can schools play in promoting peace for national security?

Implementing peaceful pedagogies and disarmament education.

What is one aspect of the National Security Policy 2017-2022?

It aims to develop a rules-based national security system.

Name one type of security included in the National Security Policy 2017-2022.

Health Security.

What is the goal of disarmament education in schools?

To discourage parents from buying war toys.

How can students contribute to peace according to the educational role?

By discussing the roots of conflict and preparing alternative peaceful solutions.

What is a significant environmental threat to national security?

Persistent environmental degradation.

What is the impact of severe calamities on national security?

They cause food shortages and can lead to hunger and disease.

What is the effect of graft and corruption on national security?

It undermines public resources and affects the delivery of basic services.

What is one of the roles of the National Security Council?

To coordinate national security policies among government agencies.

What is the impact of organized crime on national security?

It poses a significant threat to the national community.

What does the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction threaten?

Global security.