Dental Materials Final

All-ceramic restorations uses

Crowns, fixed bridges, inlays/ onlays, veneers

All-ceramic restorations selection depends on?

amount of damage to tooth, stresses that will be placed on restoration, and esthetic requirements

material used for crown

metals: (stainless steal, aluminum, tin-silver), polycarbonate, celluloid

what are crowns lined with?

acrylic, bis-acrylic composite resin, and zinc oxide eugenol

what crown material is the strongest? (metal)

stainless steal

what bridge material is the strongest? (non glass ceramic)

zirconia

Advantages of computer-aiding machining techniques

removes many of the requirements and pitfalls of traditional impressions

Uses of computer-aiding machining techniques

digital impressions; a detailed digital image of the teeth, and tissues taken by a digital scanner for the purpose of making a restoration

Hue

the colour (may include a mixture of colours)

Value

lightness/ darkness

Chroma

intensity of colour

Why are today's amalgams so shiny?

They are high in copper which is shiny and have a low rate for tarnish and corrosion

A noble metal used for dental casting alloys

-One that does not tarnish or corrode

-Gold

What are wrought metals used for?

Removable prosthetic appliances primarily for clasps

What metal can people with allergies react to?

Nickel

Commonly used implant? Fabrication components

-Endosseous implants are the most common implant

-Titanium and titanium alloys are metals most commonly used because of biocompatibility with oral tissues

Endosseous implant

implant placed into the bone

Bio integration

total integration of the implant with the bone with no microscopic spaces

Benefits of a ceramic implant

-Ceramic implants integrate with the bone better than titanium implants

-Bio integration

Implant home care

-a gentle sulcus brush

-interproximal brushes should be mounted on plastic instead of metal

-balsa wood toothpicks can aid in plaque removal

-antibacterial mouth rinses

What type of instruments can be used on an implant?

Plastic or graphite scalers

When polishing what type of particle will cut more efficiently?

Particles that are large and irregular will cut more efficiently

What solution will corrode a metal denture?

Chlorine- will make metal denture dark and corrode

What's the benefit of polishing including air polishing?

-Decreased biofilm retention

-Resistance to tarnish/corrosion

-Increased longevity of the restoration

-Decreased attrition of natural tooth surfaces during chewing

-Improved esthetics

-Improved health of surrounding tissue

Is there a difference between commercial polishing paste and toothpaste?

Commercial= more abrasive

Provisional coverage is critical for?

The biological and biomechanical health of the tooth while the definitive restoration is being fabricated.

Why would one place a temporary provisional restoration?

« Maintain prepared tooth position

« Protect the exposed tooth surfaces and margins

« Protect the gingival tissues

« Provide function and esthetics

« Retention

Different types of cement

Pulpal protection, luting/bonding/cementation, restorations' surgical dressings

Pulpal prep

« Cavity varnish: natural or synthetic resins in solvent like alcohol.

« Low-strength base: calcium hydroxide, stimulated dentin formation

High-strength base: thermal insulation and mechanical support for restoration

Luting/bonding/cementation

Wettability, thin film thickness, low viscosity

Glass ionomer cement used at?

cervical portion of tooth for permanent restoration

Surgical dressing

Soft, putty like consistency that hardens over tissue

Strongest cement

resin cements

weakest cement

zinc oxide eugenol

Chairside relines procedure

Fix looseness that occurs on bony ridges as they resorb, and gums shrink

® The chairside reline is more porous, will break down sooner, and will stain easier

® Use chemical cured acrylic resin to pour over a crack in denture after you clean the area with a bur

What causes dimensional change in polymeric material

polymerization shrinkage, water sorption and thermal expansion

If a denture base absorbs water what happens?

it will increase slightly in size

What happens if the restoration is too high?

« Failure of implant to integrate with bone

« No protection of gingival tissue

« Doesn't provide function, esthetic, or speech

« The possibility of gingiva not attaching properly

most durable of the preformed crowns

stainless steal, provides provisional coverage that lasts months and even years.

Aluminum shell crowns are used for?

provisional coverage of posterior teeth

Acrylics and composites are used to?

produce high-quality custom provisional restorations for inlays, crowns, and bridges

How to floss a provisional restoration

remove the floss by pulling it out to the side under the contact rather than back in an occlusal/incisal direction

Most common uses for a stainless-steel crown

-restore primary teeth

-in adults with financial or health issues

-do not tarnish or corrode

-most durable and abrasion-resistant of performed crowns

Reasons for placing a provisional crown

-General, periodontic, endodontic, and prosthodontic cases

-A situation comes where permanent restorative material cannot be placed at the time of the preparation

-Placed on the tooth for a short period of time 2 weeks to a month

one of the strongest restorations

amalgam

Advantages of amalgam

® Withstand high chewing forces

® Biocompatible

® Useful when isolation is difficult

® Easy to manipulate

® Durable and wear resistant

® Inexpensive

® Cusp replacement when crown is not affordable

Disadvantages of amalgam

® Not esthetic

® May require more tooth structure to be removed to retain

® Cannot chew right after

® Temperature sensitivity

® Possible galvanic reaction with other metals in mouth

® Does not support surrounding walls just fills cavity prep