Test unit1

Anatomy

Study of body structures.

Physiology

Study of how the body functions.

Homeostasis

Maintenance of stable internal conditions.

Negative feedback

Reverses a change and returns the body to normal.

Positive feedback

Strengthens a change until a process is completed.

Anatomical position

Standard position used to describe the body.

Sagittal plane

Divides the body into right and left portions.

Midsagittal plane

Divides the body into equal right and left halves.

Frontal/coronal plane

Divides the body into front and back portions.

Transverse plane

Divides the body into upper and lower portions.

Anterior

Toward the front.

Posterior

Toward the back.

Superior

Above or toward the head.

Inferior

Below or away from the head.

Medial

Toward the body’s midline.

Lateral

Away from the body’s midline.

Proximal

Closer to the attachment point.

Distal

Farther from the attachment point.

Superficial

Near the body’s surface.

Deep

Farther from the body’s surface.

Epigastric

Upper-middle abdominal region.

Umbilical

Center region surrounding the navel.

Hypogastric

Lower-middle abdominal region.

Hypochondriac

Upper-right or upper-left abdominal region.

Lumbar

Middle-right or middle-left abdominal region.

Iliac/inguinal

Lower-right or lower-left abdominal region.

Levels of organization

Chemical → Cellular → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism.