lead and teams exam 1

quiz questions

Differences between management and leadership include ______.

 

managers shape ideas, whereas leaders are reactive in solving problems

 

leaders are controlling, whereas managers are motivating

 

leaders are unidirectional influencers, whereas managers are multidirectional influencers

 

leaders are emotionally involved, whereas managers have low emotional involvement

Leaders are emotionally involved, whereas managers have low emotional involvement

Which of the following is not one of the classifications for a definition of leadership?

 

the focus of group process

 

a behavior

 

a personality trait

 

an artistic process

an artistic process

You are told you need to work weekends. Your supervisor gives you a pay raise in return. What type of power is your supervisor using?

 

legitimate

 

referent

 

reward

 

expert

Reward

Who is responsible for the leadership process?

 

those with legitimate power

 

people with innate leadership skills

 

followers and leaders

 

organizations as a whole

followers and leaders

Defining leadership as a process means ______.

 

it is a transactional event between leader and followers

 

it is an inborn trait or characteristic

 

it is restricted to certain people

 

it may only take place in formal groups

it is a transactional event between leader and followers

Kotter suggested that management produces ______ and ______.

 

vision and order

 

order and consistency

 

change and movement

 

change and structure

Order and consistency

In which way will leadership and power be approached in upcoming chapters?

 

as a form of coercion

 

as a relational concern for both leaders and followers

 

from the perspective of the follower

 

as positional power

as a relational concern for both leaders and followers

Simonet and Tett (2012) found that management is distinct from leadership by its focus on ______.

 

extrinsic motivation

 

intrinsic motivation

 

creative thinking

 

strategic planning

extrinsic motivation

The faculty member on your study abroad trip to Costa Rica has traveled there many times and is quite knowledgeable about the country and places you visited. She gave you guidance about the country, local culture, and safety issues while you were interning with the local farmers. The faculty member was using ______.

 

expert power

 

coercive power

 

referent power

 

positional power

expert power

When leadership researchers analyze the personality differences between effective leaders and ineffective ones, they are using which approach in their studies?

 

behavioral approach

 

focus of group processes approach

 

skills approach

 

trait approach

trait

Research indicates that a leader’s intellectual ability ______.

 

is negatively correlated with leadership potential

 

should outrank followers by a factor of 2

 

has not been given much attention in the trait approach

 

should not differ too much from that of followers

should not differ too much from that of followers

Which leadership trait is associated with having grit?

 

extraversion

 

determination

 

emotional intelligence

 

integrity

Determination

Which Big Five personality factor is only weakly associated with leadership?

 

conscientiousness

 

neuroticism

 

agreeableness

 

sociability

neuroticism

What is the emphasis of the trait approach?

 

follower-leader interaction

 

role of the leader

 

role of the follower

 

role of the organization

role of the leader

Daniel is a leader best known for his human skills. Which task most likely fits Daniel’s leadership style?

 

develops criteria for the implementation of a new product

 

uses sensitivity to assess the needs and motivations of others

 

uses tools and techniques to get things done at his job

 

creates the vision for restructuring his organization

uses sensitivity to address the needs and motivations of others

A leader who struggles to get her team to complete complex tasks in a timely manner is mostly likely experiencing which type of environmental influence?

 

contextual

 

external

 

internal

 

situational

internal

Patricia is human resources director for a large bank. She is easy to get along with, has a high tolerance for ambiguity, and easily adapts to change in an increasingly demanding banking industry. These individual attributes are part of Patricia’s ______.

 

motivation

 

personality

 

general cognitive ability

 

crystallized cognitive ability

personality

Which statement best reflects the findings from The Ohio State studies regarding the behaviors of consideration and initiating structure?

 

A leader’s use of initiating structures will influence their use of consideration behaviors.

 

The degree to which a leader displays consideration is not related to the degree to which they exhibit initiating structures.

 

A leader high in task-oriented behaviors will display moderate to high levels of initiating structure and consideration.

 

A leader high in relationship-orientated behaviors will display high levels of consideration but low levels of initiating structure.

The degree to which a leader displays consideration is not related to the degree to which they exhibit initiating structures.

According to the Leadership Grid, a leader who stimulates participation and thrives on getting employees involved and committed to their work is displaying which leadership style?

 

country-club management

 

authority-compliance

 

middle-of-the-road management

 

team management

team

A common criticism of the behavioral approach is that it ______.

 

fails to link task and relationships behaviors to leader outcomes.

 

takes too diverse of an approach to leader behaviors

 

emphasizes the importance of task and relationship behaviors over traits

 

claims there is a universal set of leadership behaviors

fails to link task and relationships behaviors to leader outcomes.

Why has the behavioral approach failed to find a universal style of leadership?

 

There is no instrument available to effectively identify universal leader behaviors.

 

Research on leader behaviors is lacking and has been too inconsistent to identify specific leader behaviors.

 

The behavioral approach is too diverse in its scope, making it difficult to find a universal style of leadership.

 

Situational factors and follower behaviors require more than a one-size-fits-all style of leadership.

Situational factors and follower behaviors require more than a one-size-fits-all style of leadership.

Most leadership training and development programs are designed to ______.

 

help leaders rate their personality traits as effective or ineffective

 

allow leaders to assess their task and relationship behaviors

 

equip managers to adopt a one-size-fits-all leadership style

 

coach leaders on how to gain respect and trust of followers

allow leaders to assess their task and relationship behaviors

The behavioral approach emphasizes which two types of leader behaviors?

 

direct and indirect

 

task and relationship

 

democratic and authoritative

 

assertive and supportive

task and relationship

Research from the University of Michigan studies identified which two types of leadership behaviors?

 

democratic and authoritarian

 

initiating structure and consideration

 

employee and production orientation

 

instrumental and informative

employee and production orientation

Which style of leadership on Blake and Mouton’s Leadership Grid has high concern for both interpersonal relationships and task accomplishment?

 

team management

 

country-club management

 

impoverished management

 

middle-of-the-road management

team management

The behavioral approach has been criticized for implying that a ______ leadership style is most effective.

 

high task—high relationship

 

high task—low relationship

 

low task—high relationship

 

low task—low relationship

high high

According to the SLII® model, followers who exhibit low competence but high commitment are at which developmental level?

 

D1

 

D2

 

D3

 

D4

d1

rvidsson et al.’s research on situational leadership found the least used leadership style was ______.

 

high directive-low supportive

 

high directive-high supportive

 

high supportive-low directive

 

low supportive-low directive

high low

A primary strength of the situational approach is its clear conceptualization of subordinates' developmental levels.

 

True

 

False

true

Allowing a group of employees to run the daily operations of an organization while the supervisor remains out of the picture unless they are needed to solve problems, listen to concerns, or provide feedback represents which approach?

 

directing

 

delegating

 

supporting

 

coaching

supporting

imagine that you were recently hired by the organization of your dreams. Your education and experience complement your new position perfectly. According to the situational model, your level of development as a new employees best matches which level?

 

D1

 

D2

 

D3

 

D4

d4

A leader applying the situational approach would most likely focus on ______.

 

developing their leader skills

 

adapting their behavior to the tasks assigned to followers

 

using supportive behaviors for all followers

 

assessing and adapting their style to followers’ need

assessing and adapting their style to followers needs

Bernadette prefers to use a low level of supportive leader behaviors and high directive behaviors with her followers. Which type of followers will benefit most from Bernadette’s leadership approach?

 

D1

 

D2

 

D3

 

D4

d1

Lawrence tends to tell his staff what to do and how to do it while still encouraging them and asking for their input. Which type of followers will benefit most from Lawrence’s leadership approach?

 

D1

 

D2

 

D3

 

D4

d2

You are a regional manager, and your CEO suggests you use a coaching style with your follower Juan, a junior employee. If you are using the situational leadership approach, you should ______.

 

show Juan you believe in him by letting him make all decisions

 

back away from Juan and give him more time to develop on his own

 

encourage Juan and listen to his needs but still direct decisions on goals

 

provide Juan with clear instructions on tasks and ensure that he is following directives

encourage Juan and listen to his needs but still direct decisions on goals

he directive leadership behavior in path-goal theory is similar to ______.

 

delegating in the SLII model

 

initiating structure in the Ohio State studies

 

consideration in the University of Michigan studies

 

employee orientation in the University of Michigan studies

initiating structure in the Ohio State studies

According to path-goal theory, followers who have a need for high levels of human interaction prefer ______ leadership.

 

directive

 

participative

 

supportive

 

achievement-oriented

supportive

ath-goal theory has been criticized for not clearly showing how ______.

 

leader behaviors affect follower motivation levels

 

job satisfaction and motivation are achieved by followers

 

leaders can effectively adapt behaviors to different situations

 

leaders can use specific leader traits to influence follower motivation

leader behaviors affect follower motivation levelsA recent criticism of path-goal theory is that is does not account for ______.

 

contemporary technological advances within an organization

 

gender differences in leader behaviors and follower perceptions

 

generational differences between baby boomers and millennials

 

virtual working conditions that separate leaders and followers

gender differences

What statement best reflects the goal of path-goal theory?

 

to increase followers’ developmental skill levels

 

to enhance leaders’ skills to match followers’ characteristics

 

to create safe, effective, and satisfactory workplace environments

 

to enhance overall follower performance and satisfaction

to enhance overall follower performance and satisfaction

Leaders using ideas from expectancy theory should be able to ______.

 

find the right reward to motivate followers

 

make the same rewards available to all followers

 

serve as a role model by showing enthusiasm and motivation

 

designate followers who can motivate other followers

find the right reward to motivate followers

A person using a supportive leadership style would most likely display which behavior?

 

making work challenging for all followers

 

providing performance standards and clear timelines for tasks

 

involving followers in decision making

 

making work as pleasant as possible for followers

making work as pleasant as possible for followers

The later LMX studies shifted focus from describing in- and out-groups to focusing on how LMX ______.

 

relates to organizational effectiveness

 

assesses leader behaviors

 

mirrors servant leadership

 

relates to follower skill development

relates to org effectiveness

During the mature partnership phase of leadership development, ______.

 

roles are tested

 

exchanges are medium quality

 

influences are mixed

 

interests are group-focused

interests are group focused

Which of the following is a subordinate benefit of high LMX?

 

increased task requirements

 

preferential treatment

 

social interaction outside of the work setting

 

reduced feedback from supervisors

preferential treatment

A strength of the LMX approach is its focus on the importance of ______ in leadership.

 

situations

 

personality

 

communication

 

morality

communication

Which is a strength of LMX?

 

It examines leader styles and how they shape LMX relationships.

 

It focuses on communication and interactions between leaders and followers.

 

Research substantiates how LMX is useful in developing effective leader skills.

 

It assesses the human value of fairness and equity in the work setting

It focuses on communication and interactions between leaders and followers.

Which of the following is a criticism of LMX theory?

 

It assesses the human value of fairness and equity in the work setting.

 

It may discriminate against some followers or out-group members

 

It directs our attention to the leader–member dyad.

 

It spotlights diverse work groups in the workplace.

It may discriminate against some followers or out-group members

he leader of your work team consistently shows she trusts and respects you and depends on you to help the team accomplish established goals. You show her through your reliable actions and communication that her trust is warranted. You and your leader are in which phase of leadership development?

 

mature partnership

 

acquaintance

 

supportive

 

stranger

mature partnership

Bethany and Jamal are in a dyadic leader-follower relationship in which both of them are focused on the group’s goals and outcomes. Bethany and Jamal are in which phase of leadership development?

 

acquaintance

 

supportive

 

stranger

 

mature partnership

mature partnership

leadership is

a process, involves influence, occurs in groups, and involves a common goal

5 factor model

conscientiousness, extraversion, openness, emotional stability/neuroticism, agreeableness