Untitled Flashcard Set

Nucleus

The largest organelle found within the cell, containing the genetic material.

Anucleate

Refers to cells, such as red blood cells, that do not contain a nucleus.

Nuclear Envelope

The membrane surrounding the nucleus that regulates what enters and exits.

Nuclear Pore

Channels in the nuclear envelope that allow communication between the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Chromatin

The complex of DNA and proteins found inside the nucleus; stores genetic information.

Nucleolus

A distinct area within the nucleus responsible for the production of ribosomes.

Euchromatin

Less condensed chromatin that is actively involved in transcription and RNA synthesis.

Heterochromatin

Tightly packed chromatin that is not actively transcribed, thus transcriptionally inactive.

Nucleoplasm

The fluid substance within the nucleus, similar to cytoplasm but inside the nucleus.

Ribosomes

Non-membranous organelles involved in protein synthesis, made of ribosomal RNA (rRNA).

mRNA (Messenger RNA)

The type of RNA that conveys genetic information from DNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis.

tRNA (Transfer RNA)

The type of RNA that helps translate the genetic code from mRNA into proteins.

Nuclear Matrix

A network of fibers within the nucleus that provides structural support for the nuclear contents.

Histones

Proteins around which DNA is wrapped to form chromatin in the nucleus.

Liver Cells

Cells that produce large amounts of plasma proteins, often having prominent nucleoli.