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Amenorrhea — a/men/o/rrhea

Absence of menstrual periods.

Amniocentesis — amni/o/centesis

Taking a sample of amniotic fluid with a needle.

Apgar

A quick check of a newborn's appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration.

Corpus luteum

A temporary structure in the ovary that forms after ovulation and makes progesterone.

Dysmenorrhea — dys/men/o/rrhea

Painful menstrual periods.

Ectopic pregnancy — ec/top/ic pregnancy

A pregnancy that implants outside the main cavity of the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube.

Embryo

A developing human through the end of the eighth week after fertilization.

Endometriosis — endometri/osis

A condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus.

Episiotomy — episi/o/tomy

A surgical cut in the perineum to widen the vaginal opening during childbirth.

Fibrocystic breast disease — fibr/o/cyst/ic breast disease

Noncancerous breast changes that can cause lumps, cysts, or tenderness.

Fibroids — fibr/oid/s

Noncancerous growths of muscle and fibrous tissue in the uterus.

Gestation — gest/ation

The period of development during pregnancy.

HCG — human chorionic gonadotropin

A hormone made during pregnancy that pregnancy tests detect.

Hydrocephalus — hydr/o/cephal/us

Buildup of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain's ventricles.

Hysterectomy — hyster/ectomy

Surgical removal of the uterus.

Lactation — lact/ation

Production and release of breast milk.

Laparoscope — lapar/o/scope

An instrument used to look inside the abdomen or pelvis.

Mammoplasty — mamm/o/plasty

Surgical repair or reshaping of the breast.

Mastitis — mast/itis

Inflammation of breast tissue.

Menarche — men/arche

The first menstrual period.

Menorrhagia — men/o/rrhagia

Abnormally heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding.

Metrorrhagia — metr/o/rrhagia

Uterine bleeding between menstrual periods.

Multipara — multi/para

A person who has had two or more pregnancies reach a viable gestational age.

Neonatal — neo/nat/al

Pertaining to a newborn, especially in the first 28 days after birth.

Oligomenorrhea — olig/o/men/o/rrhea

Infrequent menstrual periods.

Ovarian follicles — ovari/an follicles

Small structures in the ovaries that contain developing eggs.

Pap smear

A screening test that checks cells from the cervix for abnormal changes.

Parturition — partur/ition

The process of giving birth.

Placenta

The organ that exchanges oxygen, nutrients, and waste between the pregnant person and the fetus.

Placenta previa

A condition in which the placenta covers the opening of the cervix.

Preeclampsia — pre/eclampsia

High blood pressure after 20 weeks of pregnancy with signs of organ involvement, such as protein in the urine.

Primigravida — primi/gravida

A person who is pregnant for the first time.

Retroversion — retro/version

A backward tilt, such as when the uterus tilts backward.

Androgen — andr/o/gen

A hormone that promotes male sex characteristics, such as testosterone.

Azoospermia — a/zo/o/sperm/ia

Absence of sperm in the semen.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia — benign prostat/ic hyper/plasia

Noncancerous enlargement of the prostate.

Carcinoma of the prostate — carcin/oma of the prostate

Cancer that starts in the prostate gland.

Chancre

A sore that typically appears at the site of an early syphilis infection.

Cryptorchism — crypt/orch/ism

A condition where one or both testes have not descended into the scrotum.

Epididymis

A coiled tube where sperm mature and are stored.

Orchiopexy — orchi/o/pexy

Surgery to move and secure an undescended testis in the scrotum.

Perineum

The area between the external genitals and the anus.

Prepuce

The foreskin covering the head of the penis.

Prostatitis — prostat/itis

Inflammation of the prostate gland.

Prostate specific antigen — PSA

A protein made by the prostate that can be measured in a blood test.

Purulent — pur/ulent

Containing or producing pus.

Seminiferous tubules — semin/i/fer/ous tubules

Small tubes in the testes where sperm are made.

Seminoma — semin/oma

A type of germ cell cancer that usually starts in a testis.

Spermatogenesis — spermat/o/genesis

The formation of sperm.

Spermolytic — sperm/o/lytic

Pertaining to the breakdown or destruction of sperm.

Testosterone

The main androgen made by the testes.

Vas deferens

A tube that carries sperm from the epididymis toward the ejaculatory duct.

Vasectomy — vas/ectomy

Cutting or blocking the vas deferens to keep sperm out of semen.