PBS TEST #1

List 3 things that are part of the nature of science

Observation, question, hypothesis

Define independent variable

Variable you change

Define dependent variable

Outcome after changing another factor

What are the controlled variables in an experiment

Variables that remain constant

What are the 5 manners of death

Homicide, suicide, accidental, undetermined, natural

What are the key components of sketching a crime scene

Scale, key, legend, point of orgin

What are the 6 evidence collection patterns

link, line, grid, zone, spiral, ray

Why is the link search method used

Find associations between evidence

Why is the line search method used

large outdoor crime scenes

Why is the grid search method used

large outdoor crime scenes

Why is the zone search method used

Scene has already defined zones

Why is the spiral search method used

Scenes with no physical barriers

Why is the ray/wheel search method used

Small circular crime scenes

What are the (4) physiological responses that are measured during a polygraph test

Heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate, skin conductivity

Why are lie detectors not used in court

Not reliable enough

What does PPE stand for

Personal protection equipment

What are some examples of PPE

Goggles, lab coat, gloves, hazmat suit

What test do you preform on something you think is blood to confirm

Kastle-myers

What portion of blood carries oxygen and carbon dioxide

Red blood cells

What portion of blood provides major defense for our bodies against invading bacteria and viruses

White blood cells

What portion of human blood is a relatively clear liquid medium which is mostly water

Plasma

What is a type of confirmatory test

ABO blood type

What portion of blood contains hemoglobin

Red blood cell

What cellular portion of the blood is responsible for clotting

Platelets

What are the 8 blood types

A+, A-, B+,B-, AB+, AB-, O+, O-

What are antigens

Flags on the blood

What are antibodies

Fight viruses

What blood type can A+ donate to

A+ and AB+

What blood type can A- donate to

A-, A+, AB-, and AB+

What blood type can B+ donate to

B+ and AB+

What blood type can B- donate to

B+, B-, AB+, and AB-

What blood type can 0+ donate to

O+, A+, B+, and AB+

What blood type can 0- donate to

All blood types

What blood type can AB+ donate to

All blood types

What blood type can AB- donate to

AB- and AB+

What blood type is the universal donor and why

O- because it does not have A, B, or Rh antigens

What blood type is the universal receiver and why

AB+ it has all antigens

What is the outermost portion of a hair called

Cuticle

What portion of the hair gives it color

The cortex

What do you call the visible fingerprints

Patent

What do you call invisible fingerprints

Latent

Why do we use minutiae

Identify who’s prints they are

Examples of digital evidence

Social media post, tracking, texts