OCC 501L Block 1 Week 2 Written

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

5 regions of adult vertebral column

7

cervical number of vertebrae

12

thoracic number of vertebrae

5

lumbar number of vertebrae

5 fused

sacral number of vertebrae

4 fused

coccygeal number of vertebrae

secondary lordosis

cervical curve

primary kyphosis

thoracic curve

secondary lordosis

lumbar curve

primary kyphosis

sacral curve

kyphosis, rounding and primitive from human development

primary curve

lordosis, arching and gained after 18 months of development

secondary curve

superior angle

identify bony prominence

superior border

identify bony prominence

medial border

identify bony prominence

lateral border

identify bony prominence

inferior angle

identify bony prominence

scapular neck

identify bony prominence

scapular spine

identify bony prominence

glenoid fossa

identify bony prominence

acromion

identify bony prominence

vertebral prominens (C7 spinous process)

identify palpable landmark

iliac crest (L4)

identify palpable landmark

T4 anterior landmark

nipple line

T10 anterior landmark

umbilicus

posterior superior iliac spine

identify palpable landmark

scapular spine

identify palpable landmark

ribs 6-12

identify palpable landmark

trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor

superficial back muscles (5)

occiput, spinous process C7-T12, cervical spinous processes via ligamentum nuchae

trapezius origin

lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

trapezius insertion

spinous processes of T6-L5, iliac crest, sacrum, inferior ribs 9-12, thoracolumbar fascia, scapula

latissimus dorsi origin

floor of bicipital groove of humerus

latissimus dorsi insertion

spinous processes of C7-C5, ligamentum nuchae

rhomboids origin

medial scapular border

rhomboids insertion

transverse processes of C1-C4

levator scapulae origin

superior angle of scapula

levator scapulae insertion

ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T3

serratus posterior superior origin

ribs 2-5

serratus posterior superior insertion

spinous processes T11-L3

serratus posterior inferior origin

ribs 9-12

serratus posterior inferior insertion

serratus posterior superior, serratus posterior inferior

intermediate back muscles (2)

accessory nerve (CN XI)

trapezius innervation

thoracodorsal nerve (C6-8)

latissimus dorsi innervation

dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

rhomboid major and minor innervation

dorsal scapular nerves (C5), sometimes C3 and C4

levator scapulae innervation

ventral rami of upper thoracic nerves

serratus posterior superior innervation

ventral rami of lower thoracic nerves

serratus posterior inferior innervation

elevates ribs 2-5

serratus posterior superior action

depresses ribs 9-12

serratus posterior inferior action

protraction, retraction, elevation, depression, upward rotation, downward rotation

scapula movements (6)

scapula moving away from spine, abduction

scapular protraction

scapula moving toward spine, adduction

scapular retraction

scapula moving up, frontal plane

scapular elevation

scapular moving down, frontal plane

scapular depression

during shoulder abduction

upward scapular rotation

during shoulder adduction

downward scapular rotation

trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, elevator scapulae

back muscles acting on scapula (5)

elevation, retraction, upward rotation

upper trapezius scapular action

retraction

middle trapezius scapular action

depression, retraction, upward rotation

lower trapezius scapular action

depression

latissimus dorsi scapular action

retraction and downward rotation

rhomboid major and minor scapular action

elevation and downward rotation

levator scapulae scapular action

ligamentum nuchae, restricts trun flexion

name ligament and function

anterior longitudinal ligament, restricts trunk extension

name ligament and function

interspinous ligament, restricts trunk flexion

name ligament and function

ligamentum flava, restricts trunk flexion

name ligament and function

posterior longitudinal ligament, restricts trunk flexion

name ligament and function

supraspinous ligament, restricts trunk flexion

name ligament and function

vertebral prominens

C7 anatomical landmark

scapular spine

T3 anatomical landmark

inferior angle of scapula

T7 anatomical landmark

12th rib

T12 anatomical landmark

iliac crest

L4 anatomical landmark

splenius

name deep back muscle

iliocostalis

name deep back muscle

intervertebral foramen

identify

longissimus

name deep back muscle

spinalis

name deep back muscle

semispinalis

name deep back muscle

multifidus

name deep back muscle

suboccipital triangle

name deep back muscle

neck extension

bilateral splenius action

ipsilateral neck rotation

unilateral splenius action

vertebral column extension

bilateral iliocostalis action

ipsilateral lateral flexion

unilateral iliocostalis action

vertebral column extension

bilateral longissimus action

ipsilateral lateral flexion

unilateral longissium action

vertebral column extension

bilateral spinalis action

ipsilateral lateral flexion

unilateral spinalis action

vertebral column extension, rotation, stabilization

semispinalis action

vertebral column extension, rotation, stabilization

multifidus action

neck extension

bilateral suboccipital triangle action

ipsilateral rotation, ipsilateral side-bending

unilateral suboccipital triangle action

dorsal ramus

deep back muscles innervation

C1 dorsal ramus, suboccipital nerve

occipital triangle innervation

C2 dorsal ramus

underneath occipital triangle is

greater occipital nerve (C2) compressed by trapezius and semispinalis

back of head headaches are caused by

fracture of pars interarticularis between 2 vertebrae

spondylolysis