calculation equations

how many particles per mole?

6.02×10²³

number of particles =

number of moles x Avogadro’s number

equation linking Mr, moles and mass

moles = mass / Mr

equation linking density, mass and volume

density = mass / volume

define molar mass

the mass of one mole of a substance

molar mass unit

g mol^-1

density unit

g cm^-3

for empirical formula, do you use the Mr or Ar?

Ar

what is room temperature?

298K

equation linking volume, moles and 24dm³

moles = volume / 24

equation linking volume, moles and concentration

moles = volume x concentration

define actual yield

the amount of product obtained from a reaction

define atom economy

measure of how well atoms have been utilised

define avogadro constant

the number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope

define concentration

the amount of solute in moles dissolved in 1dm3 of solution

define empirical formula

the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound

define limiting reagent

the reactant that us not in excess which will be used up first and stop the reaction

define molar gas volume

the volume per mole of gas molecules at a stated temperature and pressure

define molecular formula

the number and type of atoms of each element present in a molecule

define water of crystallisation

water molecules bonded into a crystalline structure of a compound

assumptions when calculating experimental formula (2)

• all of the water has been lost

• no further decomposition

high atom economy in terms of sustainability

sustainable - make the best use of resources

symbols for avogadros number

N_A L

The volume of gas measured was higher than expected, suggest a reason.

The exothermic reaction heated the gas molecules to expand.