ARCH 2311 - Quiz 3

Ashlar

hewn stone masonry with even faces and square edges laid in horizontal courses with vertical joints - as opposed to rubble or unhewn stone straight from the quarry

Corbel

parallel masonry layers, each projecting beyond the one below

Corbel arch

a "false" arch constructed by progressively cantilevering or corbelling from the two sides with horizontal joints

Cushion capital

in pre-Classical Greek architecture, a simple rounded capital carved from a block of stone, resembling a round cushion or pillow

Cyclopean stones

in pre-Classical Greek architecture, masonry constructed of very large irregular blocks of stone. The later Greeks believed such masonry was the work of a race of the giants, the Cyclopes

Dromos

A long, high-walled, sloping entrance passage to a Mycenaean tholos tomb

Jamb

the vertical face of an archway, doorway, or window

Labyrinth

a building with, or arrangement of, winding and confusing passageways

Megaron

the principal hall of an Anatolian, Cretan, or Mycenaean palace or house. It is rectangular in plan, with a circular central hearth and a front porch formed by the prolongation of the side walls

Postern

a small gateway, sometimes concealed, at the back of a castle, town, or manastery

Propylaeum (Propylon)

an entrance-gateway to an enclosure (usually to a temple or palace precinct)

Relieving arch

an arch, usually of rough construction, placed in a wall above an arch or any opening, to relieve it of much of the superincumbent weight

Tholos

a round tomb. In Mycenaean architecture, a round, corbel-vaulted tomb; also referred to as a "beehive" tomb

Lord Frederic Leighton, Icarus and Daedalus, oil on canvas, 1869

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Apotheosis of Homer, oil on canvas, 1827

Heinrich Schliemann

Excavations of cities of ancient mythology: Mycenae,

Sophia Schliemann

Wearing part of “Priam’s Treasure”, discovered at Hissarlik, Anatolia in 1873

Linear B Script

Sir Arthur Evans

Led excavations at Knossos

Paul Reid, Minotaur and Theseus and the Minotaur, oil on canvas, 2005-06

John Vanderlyn, Ariadne Asleep on the Island of Naxos, oil on canvas, 1809-14

Sarcophagus with Bacchus with the Sleeping Ariadne, Roman, marble, ca. 2nd century BC

Palace Complex ("Palace of King Minos"), Knossos, Crete, ca. 1700-1380 BC

- plan

- magazines

- courtyard

- throne room

- Queen's megaron

- grand staircase

Palace Complex ("Palace of King Minos"), Knossos, Crete, ca. 1700-1380 BC

Plan

Palace Complex ("Palace of King Minos"), Knossos, Crete, ca. 1700-1380 BC

Courtyard

Palace Complex ("Palace of King Minos"), Knossos, Crete, ca. 1700-1380 BC

Throne Room and Light well

Palace Complex ("Palace of King Minos"), Knossos, Crete, ca. 1700-1380 BC

Queen’s Megaron

Palace Complex ("Palace of King Minos"), Knossos, Crete, ca. 1700-1380 BC

Grand Staircases

Palace Complex ("Palace of King Minos"), Knossos, Crete, ca. 1700-1380 BC

Magazines

Giulio Romano, Polyphemus the Cyclops, in the Palazzo del Te, Near Mantua, Italy, fresco, 1525-35

Citadel at Tiryns, Peloponnesus, Mycenae, ca. 1300 BC

- plan

- Cyclopean walls

- postern gates

- megaron

Megaron, Palace at Pylos, 13th Century BC

Citadel and Palace of Mycenae, Greece, ca. 1600-1250 BC

- Lion Gates, ca. 1300 BC

- Grave Circle A

- Treasury of Atreus, Mycenae, Greece, ca. 1330 BC

Mary Bonner

Bull Rider, etching, 1924; from the series Les Cowboys, exhibited at the Salon d'Automne, Paris, 1925

Cella

Or Naos, the sanctuary of a Greek temple, which houses the cult statue

Crepidoma

In Greek architecture, the stepped platform upon which the superstructure of a building is erected. The uppermost level of the crepidoma is the stylobate. The lower levels are called the stereobate

Order

in Classical architecture, a column with base (usually), shaft, capital, and entablature, decorated and proportioned according to one of the accepted modes (e.g., Greek Doric, Ionic, or Corinthian)

Peristyle

A single colonnade surrounding a building or courtyard

Pteron

(from Greek, ptero-, row of columns) an exterior colonnade

Greek Shrine

Motive clay model, from Argos, Greece, 8th century BCS

Sir William Chambers

A Treatise on Civil Architecture; Plates of primitive buildings

The Greek Orders

• Doric

• Ionic

• Corinthian

Greek Doric

Doric Column

Capital

• Abacus

• Echinus

Shaft

• Flute (Concaved)

• Arris

Doric Entablature

Cornice

Frieze

• Triglyph (3 bars - carved)

• Metope (large panel)

Architrave

Greek Order Proportions

Width of base : height of column

• Greek Doric 1:6

• Ionic 1:8

• Corinthian 1:10