Networking section

FTP stands for what?

file transfer protocol

what is FTP used for?

its used to share files with users in a LAN or a WAN

what ports does FTP use?

TCP 20 and 21

SFTP stands for what?

secure file transfer protocol

what is SFTP?

the same thing as FTP but has encryption

what port does SFTP use?

TCP port 22

what is TFTP used for?

its mostly used in order to manage routers and switches

TFTP stands for what?

trivial file transfer protocol

what port does TFTP use?

UDP port 69

SMTP stands for?

simple mail transfer protocol

what does SMTP do?

send outgoing mail to a server

what port does SMTP use?

TCP port 25

POP3 stands for?

post office protocol

what does POP3 do?

downloads incoming mail from a server

what port does POP3 use?

TCP port 110

IMAP stands for?

internet message access protocol

what does IMAP do?

synchronizes incoming mail from a server

what port does IMAP use?

TCP port 143

what does Telnet do?

this provides remote command line access to interact with a server

what port does telnet use?

TCP port 23

SSH stands for?

secure shell

what does SSH do?

the same exact thing telnet does, but encrypts it

what port does SSH use?

TCP port 22

what two protocols use port 22?

SSH and SFTP

DNS stands for?

domain name service

what port does DNS use?

TCP/UDP port 53

DHCP stands for?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

what does DHCP do?

automatically gives the computers on your network IP addresses

what port does DHCP use?

UDP port 67 (server port) and 68 (client port)

HTTP stands for?

hyper text transfer protocol

what does HTTP do?

transfers you to webpages

what port does HTTP use?

TCP port 80

HTTPS stands for?

hyper text transfer protocol secure

what does HTTPS do?

used to securely transfer you to a webpage

what port does HTTPS use?

TCP port 443

NetBios stands for?

network basic input/output system

what does NetBios do?

provides various network communication features in a windows network

what port does NetBios use?

TCP/UDP port 137/139

SNMP stands for?

Simple Network Management Protocol

what does SNMP do?

pulls logs files to monitor devices on a LAN

what port does SNMP use?

UDP port 161/162

LDAP stands for?

lightweight directory access protocol

what does LDAP do?

allows you to find all the information you AD domain will offer

what port does LDAP use?

TCP/UPD port 389

SMB stands for?

server message block

what does SMB do?

provides file sharing, network browsing, and printing services

what port does SMB use?

TCP port 445

RDP stands for?

remote desktop protocol

what does RDP do?

used to securely remotely access a windows desktop

what port does RDP use?

TCP port 3389

TCP stands for?

transmission control protocol

what is TCP?

a handshake between two network devices to acknowledge the data has been sent and received

TCP and UDP are what?

They are the underlying protocols that makes the other protocols work

UDP stands for?

user datagram protocol

UDP does what?

an unreliable connection that constantly sends data without checking if it’s been received (much lighter data packet)

what are the properties of 2.4 GHz?

longer range, better penetration, slower speeds, 11 channels, and only channels 1,6, and 11 are non overlapping

what are the properties of 5 GHz?

shorter range, poor penetration, faster speeds, 45 channels and 24 are non overlapping

Wifi 1

802.11a (5 GHz)

wifi 2

802.11b (2.4 GHz)

wifi 3

802.11g (2.4 GHz)

wifi 4

802.11n (2.4 and 5 GHz)

wifi 5

802.11ac (2.4 and 5 GHz)

wifi 6

802.11ax (2.4 and 5 GHz)

which wifi’s can use MIMO?

the last 3, wifi 4-6

the higher the wifi number means what?

the faster the speeds

SSID stands for?

service set identifier

when setting up a access point do what with the IP?

keep it a static IP

what is a spam gateway?

keeps spam from entering your emails

UTM stands for?

unified threat management

UTM does what?

a combination of antimalware, firewall, and IDS

proxy server does what?

requests webpages on behalf of users and can filter the web traffic (blocking websites)

SCADA stands for?

supervisory control and data acquisition

SCADA does what?

really old industrial systems that provides water, gas, and electric power (usually segmented off)

IOT does what?

all devices that connect to the internet

explain DNS simply

It allows us to memorize domain names, but the computer can translate it to an IP address.

what are DNS records?

records that allows the DNS to do different things with IP addresses

what is AAAA?

turns a dns name into a IPv6 address

what are the 3 TXT records?

SPF, DKIM, and DMARC

SPF stands for?

sender policy framework

DKIM stands for?

domain keys identified mail

DMARC stands for?

domain-based message authentication, reporting, and conformance

SPF record does what?

is a list of hostnames and IP’s mail can be sent from

DKIM record does what?

makes a key for authorization of mail being sent and received

DMARC record does what?

controls on what happens if the authentication fails from DKIM

CNAME record does what?

allows different abbreviations for one domain name

MX record does what?

tells you what is your email server

VLANs do what?

allows you to partition different parts of a network

what do we need on our devices in order to connect to a network?

a NIC card

SOHO routers do what?

they are multifunction devices that is a switch, router, firewall, and more all in one

PoE stands for?

Power over ethernet

PoE does what?

allows you to send power devices using an ethernet cable

ONT stands for?

optical network terminal

ONT does what?

converts the optical signal coming through the fiber into separate signals for TV, voice, and data