History of Art and Architecture: Iron Age to High Renaissance

Vocabulary practice flashcards identifying significant works of art and architecture from the Iron Age through the High Renaissance, detailing their medium, time period, date, artist, patron, and city.

Hut Urns, Terracotta cinerary urns from the Iron Age, located in Rome and dating to the 10-8th century BC.

The Circus Maximus

The Circus Maximus, a Regal Period brick chariot-racing stadium located in Rome, dating to the 8th Century BC and commissioned by Lucius Tarquinius Priscus.

Spina

The brick barrier in the middle of the Circus Maximus race course extending for nearly its full length, decorated with various monuments, around which contestants turned.

Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus. An Etruscan/Regal Period temple in Rome constructed from tufa, wood, and mud-brick, dating to 509 BC with sculptures by Vulca of Veii, commissioned by Tarquinius Priscus and Superbus.

Via Appia

A Roman Republican era road in Rome constructed of volcanic basalt, dating to 312 BC under the patronage of Appius Claudius Caecus.

Basilica of Pompeii

A Republican period civic basilica located in Pompeii constructed with timber, dating to 80 BC.

Theater of Pompey

A Late Roman Republican era concrete theater built in Rome, dating to 55 BC and commissioned by Pompey.

Forum of Caesar

A Late Roman Republican Period forum in Rome constructed from stone and marble, dating to 51 BC under the patronage of Julius Caesar.

Second Style Gardenscape fresco

An Imperial Period wall painting executed in plaster at the Villa of Livia, dating to 30-20 BC under the patronage of Livia Drusilla.

Augustus of Prima Porta

An Early Imperial Roman Period bronze sculpture located at Livia’s Villa in Prima Porta, dating to 20 BC under the patronage of Augustus.

The Ara Pacis (Altar of Peace)

An Augustan art period marble altar erected in Rome, dating to 9 BC and commissioned by the Senate.

Forum of Augustus Temple of Mars Ultor

An Augustine Age temple complex in Rome built of marble and travertine, dating to 2 BC and commissioned by Augustus.

The Colosseum

An Imperial amphitheater in Rome constructed of travertine, tufa, and concrete, dating to 80 AD under the patronage of the Flavian Family.

The Arch of Titus

An Imperial marble triumphal arch erected in Rome, dating to 81 AD and commissioned by Emperor Domitian.

Markets of Trajan

An Imperial Period complex in Rome built of brick-faced concrete, dating to 100 AD, designed by Apollodorus of Damascus and commissioned by Trajan.

Column of Trajan

An Imperial freestanding marble triumphal column in Rome, dating to 112 AD, designed by Apollodorius and commissioned by the Senate.

Mummy portrait of a woman

An Imperial Period encaustic painting on wood from Hawara, dating to 110-130 AD, attributed to the isodora master.

Mummy Portrait of a priest of serapis

An Imperial Period encaustic portrait on wood from Hawara, dating to 140-160 AD.

Pantheon

An Imperial Period concrete domed temple located in Rome, dating to 125 AD under the patronage of Hadrian.

Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius

An Imperial Period gilded bronze equestrian monument located in Rome, dating to 176 AD under the patronage of Marcus Aurelius.

Baths of Caracalla

An Imperial public bathing complex in Rome constructed of concrete, dating to the Early 3rd century AD under the patronage of Caracalla.

Porphyry Statue of the Tetrarchs

An Imperial Period porphyry sculptural group originally from Constantinople, dating to 300 AD under the patronage of the tetrarchs.

Basilica Nova

A Roman Imperial concrete civic hall in Rome, dating to 306-312 AD under the patronage of Maxentius and Constantine.

The Arch of Constantine

A Late Imperial triumphal arch in Rome constructed with concrete, dating to 312-315 AD and commissioned by the Roman senate.

Acrolithic statue of Constantine

A Late Imperial colossal marble sculpture located in Rome, dating to 315-330 under the patronage of Constantine.

Old St Peters

An Early Christian basilica in Rome built from brick and marble, dating to 319 AD under the patronage of Constantine I.

Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus

An Imperial carved marble burial chest located in Rome, dating to 359 AD.

Traditio Legis Mosaic in the Ambulatory of the Mausoleum of Constantina

An Imperial stone tesserae mosaic in Rome depicting Christ giving the law, dating to the late 4th century under the patronage of Constantina.

Santa Maria Maggiore Triumphal Arch mosaic

An Imperial tesserae mosaic located in Rome, dating to 434 AD under the patronage of Pope Sixtus III.

Mosaic of Christ in the apse of San Vitale

An Early medieval mosaic made of tesserae in reivena, dating to 550 AD and commissioned by Justinian.

Saint Matthew in the Coronation Gospels

A Carolingian Renaissance illuminated manuscript produced in Aachen, dating to 800-810 under the patronage of Charlemagne.

Saint Matthew in the Ebbo Gospels

A Carolinian Renaissance manuscript executed in ink and tempera in Reims, dating to 816-835 under the patronage of Ebbo, Archbishop of Reims.

Equestrian portrait statuette of a carolinian ruler

A Carolinian period gilt bronze small-scale sculpture representing a monarch on horseback, dating to the 9th century AD.

Schola Cantorum from San Clemente

A Romanesque liturgical enclosure in Rome constructed of white and colored marble, dating to 1100-1125 AD.

Apse Mosaic from San Clemente

A Romanesque Art mosaic composed of gold and stone tesserae in Rome, dating to 1130 AD under the patronage of Cardinal Anastasius.

Virgin and Child enthroned (Cimabue)

A Gothic altarpiece from the church of Santa Trinita painted in tempera and gold on wood panel, dating to 1280 AD by Cimabue.

Virgin and child enthroned from the church of the Ognissanti

A Gothic wood panel altarpiece painted in tempera and gold in Florence, dating to 1310 by Giotto.

Francis renounces his Inheritance

A Gothic true fresco located in Assisi, dating to 1295-1301 and painted by Giotto.

Sacrifice of Isaac for the baptistery doors (Brunelleschi)

An Early Renaissance gilded bronze competition relief panel created in Florence, dating to 1401-1402 by Brunelleschi for the Wool Merchants.

Sacrifice of Isaac for the baptistery doors (Ghiberti)

An Early Renaissance gilded bronze competition relief panel made in Florence, dating to 1401-1402 by Ghiberti for the Wool Merchants.

The story of Joseph (Ghiberti)

An Early Renaissance gold relief in Florence, dating to 1425-1452 by Ghiberti under the patronage of the Wool manufacturers Guild.

Dome of the Duomo

An Early Renaissance brick and stone cathedral dome constructed in Florence, dating to 1417-1436 by Brunelleschi under the patronage of the wool merchant guild.

The Foundling Hospital

An Early Renaissance civic hospital in Florence built of sandstone and glass terracotta, dating to 1419-1444 by Brunelleschi for Giovanni de’Medici.

The Brancacci Chapel Tribute Money

An Early Renaissance fresco painted in Florence, dating to 1424-1427 by Masaccio under the patronage of Felice Brancacci.

David (Donatello)

An Early Renaissance freestanding bronze statue created in Florence, dating to 1435-1440 by Donatello for Cosimo The elder de’Medici.

Madonna and Child with Angels

An Early Renaissance tempera on wood panel painting in Florence, dating to 1460-1465 by Fra Filippo Lippi for Cosimo de’Medici.

The church of Sant’Andrea

An Early Renaissance church in Mantua constructed with brick and stucco, dating to 1470 by Alberti under the patronage of Gonzaga.

Primavera

An Early Renaissance tempera on wood panel painting executed in Florence, dating to 1482 by Botticelli under the patronage of the Medici Family.

Pastoral Symphony

A High Renaissance oil on canvas painting created in Venice, dating to 1501-1511 by Titian.

Tempietto

A High Renaissance circular memorial church in Rome made of stone and marble, dating to 1502 by Bramante for King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile.

The Tempest

A High Renaissance oil on canvas painting in Venice, dating to 1509-1510 by Giorgione for Gabriele Vendramin.

Bacchus and Ariadne

A High Renaissance oil on canvas mythological painting in Ferrara, dating to 1522-1523 by Titian under the patronage of Alfonso d’Este.