Unit 2. Escape artist

boyish fantasy

a story or theme suited for young boys rather than serious adults (розважальна вигадка)

unparalleled popularity

unmatched or unprecedented fame and success (небувала (нечувана) популярність)

a modern masterpiece

an outstanding piece of art or work from the contemporary era (сучасний шедевр)

the greatest book of the 20th century in a readers' poll

chosen as the best work in a public survey (найкраща книга згідно з результатами опитуваннями читачів)

arguably more relaxed

less strict or formal attitude (менш суворе ставлення)

book is so deeply ingrained in popular culture

firmly fixed and established in culture (книга глибоко вкоренилася в популярну культуру)

dog-eared paperbacks they read avidly in eighth grade

softcover books with folded-down page corners read with great enthusiasm during middle school (книги із зачитаними сторінками, які вони жадібно читали у 8 класі)

stashed somewhere in the attic

hidden or stored away safely under the roof (сховані на горищі)

have their tastes ignored, if not openly derided, by the public at large (intelligentsia)

general public dismissing or mocking intellectual preferences (ширска публіка повністю проігнорувала, якщо не відкрито висміяла, смаки інтелігенції)

runner-up in the Amazon survey (Gone with the wind)

taking second place in a website poll (друге місце в огляді сайту Амазон зайняла книга «Віднесені Вітром»)

happily devour a work as complicated as The Lord of the Rings

eagerly read and absorb a very complex book (успішно «поглинати» такий складний твір, як «Володар Кілець»)

Tolkien's epic poses a stern challenge to modern literature and its defenders

a major work presenting a difficult test to contemporary literature (праця Толкіена кидає серйозний виклик модерній літературі та її апологетам)

enduring popularity

lasting and continuing fame or success (мати тривалу популярність)

what readers were ravenous for

what the audience strongly desired (те, чого так прагнули читачі)

the crux of the matter

the most critical or central point of an issue (суть справи)

wholehearted rejection of modernity and modernism

complete refusal to accept modern trends (цілковито відкидати модерність та модернізм)

fanciful creation

imaginative or inventive work (химерне втілення)

grounded in Tolkien's linguistic expertise

based directly on deep knowledge of languages (грунтуватися на лінгвістичній компетенції)

resolve some quandary or inconsistency

solving a dilemma or conflict in the text (усунути складність чи невідповідність)

immense intellect and erudition isn’t the source of his success

great knowledge alone not being the sole cause of success (надзвичайний інтелект та ерудиція – не єдине джерело його успіху)

Tolkien’s worlds are not made up, they are inherited

fantasy worlds derived from past traditions rather than invented (світи Толкіена не вигадані, вони успадковані)

dismay (shock, discouragement) n/v

a feeling of unhappiness, disappointment, worry, or shock caused by something unexpected or unpleasant (бентежність / переляк, розпач)

repel (cause dislike in)

to push, keep sb away; to cause a strong feeling of dislike, to refuse to accept an offer (відштовхувати/ викликати антипатію)

ingrained (deeply fixed)

so firmly established, deep-seated, or long-lasting that they are very difficult to change (вкорінений)

yarn (tale/story)

a long, informal, exciting, or exaggerated story (історія/розповідь)

a stern challenge (interrogation of/ stand against)

a difficult, demanding, and severe test of someone's ability, endurance, or resolve (виклик)

wholehearted rejection (refusal/turning down, dismissal)

a complete, total, and unreserved refusal, denial, or dismissal of an idea, proposal, claim, or demand (відхилення / відмова)

expertise (skillfulness/proficiency)

a high level of specialized knowledge, skill, or ability in a particular field, subject, or activity (компетенція / майстерність)

ravenous (very hungry/voracious)

extremely hungry, famished, or starved; a strong, eager, or greedy desire for something other than food, ex. knowledge (ненажерливість)

contemptible

deserving contempt or scorn; completely despicable (ганебний, нікчемний / той, що заслуговує на зневагу)

gratifying (to gratify)

giving pleasure, satisfaction, or delight (приємний / той, що приносить задоволення)

innovations

new ideas, methods, or original creations introduced into a field (інновації / нововведення)

concepts

abstract ideas, principles, or general notions (поняття / концепції)

fragments

small, broken, or incomplete parts separated from a whole (фрагменти / уламки)

to endure

to suffer patiently to put up, last over a long period, or remain in existence (витримувати / тривати / терпіти)

Instructor (syn. coach, trainer)

someone who teaches a sport or practical skill (інструктор, тренер)

Advisor (syn. consultant, guide)

someone whose job is to give advice because they know a lot about a subject, especially in business, law, or politics (радник, консультант)

Tutor (syn. teacher, instructor)

someone who gives private lessons to one student or a small group, and is paid directly by them; a teacher in a British university or college (приватний вчитель, репетитор, керівник групи студентів)

Tent (syn. pavilion)

a shelter consisting of a sheet of cloth supported by poles and ropes, used especially for camping (намет)

Hostel (syn. inn, boarding house, small hotel)

a place where people can stay and eat fairly cheaply; a place where people who have no homes can stay (гуртожиток, туристичний табір, готель, заїжджий двір)

Lodge (syn. cabin)

a small house on the land of a large country house, usually at the main entrance gate; a house or hotel in the country or mountains where people can stay when they want to go hunting, shooting etc (мисливський будиночок, сторожка, тимчасове житло)

Isolation (syn. separation, loneliness, seclusion)

the state of being separated from other people, or a situation in which you do not have the support of other people; a situation when someone feels alone and unable to meet or speak to other people (відокремлення, ізоляція, самотність)

Barrenness (syn. remoteness, desolation)

a place which is dry and empty, with few plants growing (пустинна земля)

Solitude (syn. privacy, solitariness, reclusiveness)

a situation when you are alone, especially when this is what you enjoy (самотність, самота, усамітненість)

Rendition (syn. version, interpretation)

someone's performance of a play, piece of music etc; a particular way of performing a song, poem, piece of music (виконання, виклад)

Edition

the copies of a book, newspaper etc that are produced and printed at the same time (видання, версія, варіант)

Translation (syn. transformation, interpretation, conversion)

the process of changing something into a different form; the activity of changing spoken or written words into a different language (переклад, тлумачення)

Cliff-hanger (syn. peak, climax, culmination, acme)

an exciting end to part of a book or television programme that makes you want to read or watch the next part; a situation in which it is not clear what will happen next (сенсаційний роман, пригодницький фільм, розділи, що лишають читача в напрузі)

Blockbuster (syn. runaway success, chartbuster, best-seller)

a book or film that is very good or successful (дорогий кінофільм, бомба великого калібру)

Box office hit (syn. smash hit, epic)

a phrase is used to describe how successful a film, play, or actor is, by the number of people who pay to see them (хіт театрального (кіно) сезону)

Pilgrimage (syn. crusade, excursion, expedition)

a journey to a holy place for religious reasons; a journey to a place connected with someone or something famous (паломництво, ходіння на прощу, тривала подорож)

Trek (syn. hike)

a long and difficult journey, made especially on foot as an adventure (подорож, похід, перехід, переселення)

Voyage (syn. cruise, journey, trip)

a long journey in a ship or spacecraft (подорож (морська, повітряна))

Dean (syn. doyen)

a priest of high rank in the Christian church who is in charge of several priests or churches; someone in a university who is responsible for a particular area of work (старший священик, настоятель собору, декан, викладач-вихователь)

Curator (syn. guardian, warden)

someone who is in charge of a museum or zoo (куратор, хранитель (музею тощо))

Prefect (syn. head)

an older student in some British schools, who has special duties and helps to control younger students; a public official in some countries etc who is responsible for a particular area (староста класу, префект, глава департаменту)

Platform (syn. stage, stand, podium)

the raised place beside a railway track where you get on and off a train in a station; a stage for people to stand on when they are making a speech, performing etc (платформа, поміст, перон, площадка)

Deck (syn. floor)

the outside top level of a ship that you can walk or sit on; one of the levels on a bus, plane etc (палуба, підлога (у вагоні трамвая), настил мосту)

Stage (syn. arena)

the raised area in a theatre which actors or singers stand on when they perform; a place or area of activity where something important (сцена)

Net

something used for catching fish, insects, or animals which is made of threads or wires woven across each other with regular spaces between them; the thing that players must hit the ball over in games such as tennis (сітка (рибальська, мисливська), тенета, сільце, павутина; сітка (у спорті))

Racket / racquet

a specially shaped piece of wood or metal that you use for hitting the ball in games such as tennis, that has a circle filled with tight strings at one end; a loud noise; a dishonest way of obtaining money (ракетка)

Court (syn. field, pitch)

an area made for playing games such as tennis (корт, майданчик для гри в теніс)

Umpire (syn. referee)

the person who makes sure that the players obey the rules in sports such as tennis, baseball, and cricket (суддя (у спорті))

Camera (syn. camcorder, video)

a piece of equipment used to take photographs or make films or television programmes (фотоапарат, відеокамера)

Darkroom

a special room with only red light or no light, where film from a camera is made into photographs (темна кімната)

Lens

the part of a camera through which the light travels before it reaches the film (лінза)

Tripod

a support with three legs, used for a piece of equipment, camera etc (триніжок, штатив)

Saddle

a leather seat that you sit on when you ride a horse; a seat on a bicycle or a motorcycle (сідло, сіделко)

Stirrup

one of the rings of metal in which someone riding a horse rests their feet (стремено)

Bit

the metal bar attached to a horse's bridle that is put into its mouth and used to control it; the sharp part of a tool for cutting or making holes (поводок, зубило)

Bridle

a set of leather bands put around a horse's head and used to control its movements (вуздечка, повід)

Carousel

a machine with wooden horses on it that turns around and around, which people can ride on for fun (карусель)

Roller coaster

a track with very steep slopes and curves, which people ride on in small carriages at fairs and amusement parks (колові американські гірки (атракціон))

Big wheel

a machine used in amusement parks, consisting of a very large upright wheel with seats hanging from it, which turns round slowly (колесо огляду)

Water slide

a slide that goes down into a swimming pool, usually with water running down it (атракціон водні гірки)

Documentary

a film or television or a radio programme that gives detailed information about a particular subject (документальний (фільм, програма))

Chat show (Am.E.: talk show)

a television or radio show on which people talk about themselves in reply to questions (ток-шоу)

Soap opera

a television or radio story about the daily lives and relationships of the same group of people, which is broadcast regularly (сентиментальна п'єса, мелодрама)

Cartoon

a short film that is made by photographing a series of drawings (мультфільм)

Whisk

a small kitchen tool made of curved pieces of wire, used for mixing air into eggs, cream etc (вінчик, колотівка, збивачка)

Grater

a tool used for grating food (тертка)

Saucepan

a deep round metal container with a handle that is used for cooking (каструля, гусятниця)

Colander

a metal or plastic bowl with a lot of small holes in the bottom and sides, used to separate liquid from food (друшляк)

Book / have / take time to relax

to reserve, possess, or spend time resting and unwinding (забронювати / мати / виділити час на відпочинок)

Take it easy

to relax and not allow yourself to worry or work too hard (жити легко / не перенапружуватися)

Do / take an on-line crossword

to solve or complete an internet word puzzle (розв'язувати онлайн-кросворд)

Have / take a soothing bath

to sit or soak in a tub of warm water that relieves stress and relaxes the body (приймати заспокійливу ванну)

Book / have / take tickets for a match

to reserve, possess, or acquire admission passes for a sports game (замовити / мати / брати квитки на матч)

Book / do / have / take an extravagant dinner

to reserve, prepare, host, or consume a lavish and elaborate evening meal (замовити / готувати / влаштовувати / замовляти розкішну вечерю)

Have a party

to host or organize a social gathering for celebration (влаштовувати вечірку)

Have close friends over

to invite intimate companions to visit your home (запрошувати близьких друзів у гості)

Book / have a table for two

to reserve or possess a restaurant seating arrangement meant for two people (замовити / мати замовлений столик на двох)

Book / have / take a weekend break

to reserve, enjoy, or go away for a short holiday or trip during the weekend (замовити / мати / влаштовувати поїздку на вихідні)

Silent

making little or no noise or sound (тихий / мовчазний)

Audible

able to be heard; loud enough to be heard (чутний / той, що можна розчути)

Raucous

making or constituting a disturbingly harsh and loud noise (хрипкий / гучний та галасливий)

Deafening

(of a noise) so loud as to make it impossible to hear anything else (оглушливий)

Mild

(of weather) moderately warm, pleasant, or gentle (м'який / помірний)

Chilly

uncomfortably cool or cold (прохолодний)

Wintry

characteristic of winter; cold and stormy (зимовий / холодний)