psychological self UTS

Theory of Self

WILLIAM JAMES

also known as the empirical me; considered as a separate object.

Me self

consists of the things that belong to the person or entities that a person belongs to such as body, family, clothes, etc

Material self

refers to who the person is in a particular situation.

Social self

refers to the self that is more concrete when compared to the material and social selves.

Spiritual Self

also known as the thinking self; it is the self that knows and recognizes who they are and what they have done

I self

Family Therapy and Systemic Therapy

MURRAY BOWEN

represents the over-all value that a person places upon himself

Global self

a balance should be maintained between “togetherness” and “individuality”. This has the ability to separate feelings and thoughts.

Differentiated self

Person-Centered Theory

There should be congruence between the real and ideal self.

CARL ROGERS

refers to all information and perception the person has about himself; answers the question “Who am I?”

Real self

model version the person has of himself; this is what the person aims for himself to be; answers the question “Who do I want to be?”

Ideal self

Multiple Selves theory

DAVID LESTER

It suggests that there exists in the individual different aspects of the self. However, a person should still make sense of the sometimes confusing and conflicting aspects of themselves and integrate them into a single, unified self.

Multiple Selves theory

True and False Selves

DW WINNICOTT

seen as creative, spontaneously experiencing each day; characterized by high levels of awareness

True self

lacks spontaneity and is dead and empty; enables the person to form superficial but productive social relationships

False self

Both should be present and functional for the advantage of person and society.

True and False Selves

Social Cognitive Theory

ALBERT BANDURA

person has full awareness of his behaviour

Intentionality

the person’s anticipation of likely outcomes of his behaviour

Forethought

the process in which the person is motivated and regulates his behaviour as he observes his progress in achieving his goals

Self-reactiveness

the person looking inward and evaluating his motivations, values, life goals and other people’s effect on him

Self-reflectiveness

Results in __________ which allows the person to set goals that are better and higher than the former, challenging his capabilities and making him a wiser and self-actualized individual.

self-regulation