session 11: clinical trial design, evidence synthesis, and fundamental biostats

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11 Terms

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superiority

show one drug is better than the other

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equivalency

shoe new drug is similar to comparison group/control may be used to determine bioequivalence

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non-inferiority

show new treatment is not worse than current treatment by more than a small margin

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intervention or treatment group

receives the treatment or strategy being evaluated

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control group

provides the benchmark for evaluating the intervention group

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comparator

what the control group receives. may be a placebo, an active treatment, usual care, or no intervention

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placebo control

receives an inactive treatment designed to resemble the intervention

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active control

receives an established/effective “active” treatment

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usual-care control

continues to receive routine clinical care in alignment with standard of care/guidelines

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no-treatment control

receives no study intervention

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Placebo controls

  • resemble the intervention but do not contrain tis active component

  • help separate the treatment’s