unit 3 discovery and exploration study guide

overseas

beyond or across the sea

caravel

a small fast maneuverable ship that had a large cargo hold usually three masts with lateen salis

maritime

having to do with travel over bodies of water

circumnavigate

to sail around the world

G, G, G,

gold, god, glory

conquistador

a leader in the Spanish conquest of the Americas (colonizer)

Indigenous

native to a country or area

cash crop

crop that is grown to sell for money rather than consumption

decimation

destruction and extermination

triangular trade

trading pattern that linked Europe, Africa, the Americas; slaves, sugar & rum were traded

trans-atlantic slave trade

the forced voyage of enslaved africans across the atlantic ocean to the americas

columbian exchange

the global exchange for goods, ideas, plants, animals & disease that began with columbus’ colonization of the americas

Joint-stock company

a business where stocks in a company are bought and owned by shareholders

Colony

a settlement of people living in a new territory, linked with a parent country by trade and direct government control

Mercantalism

set of principles that dominated the economic thought in the 17th century, depended on a large supply of gold and silver

Exports

to send a product or service for sale in another country

Vasco da Gama

in 1497 sailed from Portugal around the cape of good hope off Africa and landed on the southwest coast of india

christopher columbus

sailed west across the atlantic to reach India; his ships had reached Hispaniola (modern day Haiti and Dominican Republic )

Ferdinand magellan

in 1519 sailed under the spanish flag around the southern tip of south America and landed in the philippines; survivors reached Seville in 1522 completing the first circumnavigation of the Earth

hernan cortez

spanish conqueror that landed in Mexico 1519 and took control of the Aztec Empire

francisco pizzaro

a Spanish conquistador who overtook the Inca empire in Peru in 1532

frances drake

first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe

jacques cartier

sailed up the st. Lawrence river for France and claimed eastern Canada for france