Comprehensive Blueprint Study Guide – Detailed Theories Edition

This set of flashcards covers key concepts and definitions from Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development, Erikson's Psychosocial Theory, Family Systems Theory, and aspects of language and development in preschool and adolescence.

Sensorimotor Stage

Stage in Piaget's theory (Birth–2 years) where infants learn through senses and motor abilities, developing object permanence.

Object Permanence

The understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen.

Preoperational Stage

Stage in Piaget's theory (2–7 years) characterized by egocentric thinking, use of symbols, and magical thinking.

Egocentric Thinking

The inability to differentiate between one's own perspective and that of others.

Concrete Operational Stage

Stage in Piaget's theory (7–11 years) where logical thinking develops in concrete situations, understanding conservation and reversibility.

Formal Operational Stage

Stage in Piaget's theory (12+ years) where adolescents develop abstract and hypothetical reasoning.

Erikson's Psychosocial Theory

Theory that outlines eight stages of human development, each with a specific psychosocial conflict.

Trust vs Mistrust

Erikson's first stage (Infant) where infants learn to trust caregivers when needs are consistently met.

Autonomy vs Shame

Erikson's second stage (Toddler) focusing on independence; success builds autonomy while failure leads to shame.

Initiative vs Guilt

Erikson's third stage (Preschool) where children assert themselves and take initiative; encouragement fosters initiative.

Industry vs Inferiority

Erikson's fourth stage (School-Age) where children strive for competence; success builds industry.

Identity vs Role Confusion

Erikson's fifth stage (Adolescent) where teens explore identity; healthy exploration leads to strong identity.

Generativity vs Stagnation

Erikson's seventh stage (Middle Adult) focused on contributing to society; generativity brings fulfillment.

Ego Integrity vs Despair

Erikson's eighth stage (Older Adult) where reflection on life leads to either integrity or despair.

Family Systems Theory

The view of family as an interconnected emotional unit where changes in one member affect the whole system.

Preschool Language Development

The rapid growth of receptive language abilities in preschoolers, alongside development of expressive language.

Adolescent Development – Formal Operations

Stage in adolescence characterized by the development of abstract logic, hypothetical reasoning, and moral development.

Personal Fable

The belief held by adolescents that they are unique and invulnerable, leading to risky behavior.

Older Adult Cognitive Changes

Normal aging includes slower processing, reduced short-term memory, and decreased sensory acuity.

Delirium

An acute, reversible cognitive change typically caused by infections or medications.

Dementia

A chronic, progressive, and irreversible cognitive decline.

Pender’s Model

A health promotion model focusing on modifying behavioral influences within families for healthier patterns.