RAD 111 Unit 5 Shoulder Girdle

The shoulder girdle is comprised of the

clavicle and scapula

How are the condyles in a neutral shoulder and arm placement

45 to IR with palm on hip

how are the condyles in an external rotation, arm placement

condyles parallel to IR, hand supinated

an external shoulder is also an

AP humerus

How is the greater tubercle and lesser tubercle in a AP humerus/external rotation

greater tubercle in lateral profile and lesser tubercle superimposed anetriorly

condyles and hand placement in an internal rotation

condyles perp to IR and hand lateral like

An internal shoulder is the same as a

lateral humerus

how is the greater tubercle and lesser tubercle in a lateral humerus/external rotation

Greater tubercle superimposed anteriorly and lesser tubercle in medial profile

2 humerus views + trauma

AP and LAT with transthoracic trauma

AP humerus top of IR, arm rotation, epicondyle to IR relationship, CR, collimation

top of IR 1.5' above humeral head, external rotation of arm, epicondyles parallel to IR, CR mid humerus, collimate to include 2" of forearm and GH joint

which tubercle is in profile in an AP humerus

greater laterally

Lateral humerus top of IR, arm rotation, epicondyles to IR relationship, CR, collimation

top of IR 1.5" above humeral head, internal rotation, perpendicular, CR mid humerus, collimate to 2" of forearm and GH joint

what breathing is used for a transthoracic humerus

orthostatic

how to set time and mAs for transthoracic humerus

time 3-4 seconds with a lower mAs

positioning for transthoracic humerus, CR, Breathing

affected side at board with unaffected arm raised over head, CR mid aspect of involved humerus, orthostatic breathing

largest and longest bone of the upper lime. The length on an adult equals approximately 1/5 of body height

humerus

most proximal rounded part of humerus

head

the slightly constricted area directly below and lateral to the head of humerus

anatomic neck

appears as a line of demarcation between rounded head of humerus and the adjoining greater & lesser tubercles

anatomic neck

the process directly below the anatomic neck on the anterior surface

lesser tubercle

larger lateral process of humerus where the pectoralis major and supraspinous muscles attach

greater tubercle

the deep groove between the lesser and greater tubercles

intertubercular sulcus

the intertubercular sulcus is also called the

bicipital groove

the tapered area below the head and tubercles is the

surgical neck

distal to the surgical neck is the long

body

why is the surgical neck named that

its the site of frequent fractures requiring surgery

fractures are rare on the

thick anatomic neck

The roughened raised triangular elevation along the anterolateral surface of the body (shaft) to which the deltoid muscle is attached is:

deltoid tuberosity

a neutral position places the humerus in what position

oblique

external rotation brings the humerus to what position

true AP

the lesser tubercle is located how in an AP projection

anteriorly

the greater tubercle is located how in a AP projection

laterally

2 bones that comprise the shoulder

clavicle and scapula

function of clavicle and scapula

connect each upper limb to the trunk or axial skeleton

anteriorly, the shoulder girdle connects to the trunk at the

sternum

posteriorly, the shoulder girdle connects

incomplete because the scapula is connected to the trunk by muscles only

each shoulder girdle and each upper limb connect at the

shoulder joint between the scapula and the humerus

each clavicle is located over the

anterior rib cage

each scapula is situated over the

upper posterior rib cage

the upper margin of the scapula is at the level of the

2nd posterior rib

the lower margin of the scapula is at the level of the

7th posterior rib (T7)

the lateral end of the clavicle

acromial extremity

what does the acromial extremity of the clavicle articulate with

the acromion of the scapula

what joint forms with the acromion and clavicle

acromioclavicular joint

the medial end of the clavicle

sternal extremity

the sternal end of the clavicle articulates with

manubrium of the sternum

what joint forms at the articulation between the sternum and the clavicle

sternoclavicular joint

what does the combination of both sternoclavicular joints form

jugular notch

elongated portion of clavicle between the two extremities

body

which end of the clavicle is flattened and has a downwards curvature at its attachment

acromial end

which end of the clavicle is more triangular in shape, broader, and is directed downwards to its articulation

sternal end

describe a females clavicle

shorter and less curved

describe a males clavicle

thicker and more curved; usually being more curved in heavily muscled men

a flat triangular bone with 3 boarders 3 angles and 2 surfaces

scapula

long edge or boarder of scapula near vertebrae

medial boarder

upper most margin of the scapula

superior boarder

boarder of scapula nearest the axilla

lateral boarder

sometimes referred to as the head of the scapula; the thickest part and ends in a shallow depression called the glenoid cavity

lateral angle of scapula

the humeral head articulates with the glenoid cavity to form

scapulohumeral joint AKA glenohumeral joint

the constricted area between the head and body of scapula

neck

Refers to the upper and lower ends of the medial or vertebral border

superior and inferior angles

the body of the scapula has what characteristic to give it more strength

arched

the thin, flat, lower part of the body sometimes is referred to as the

wing, ala

the anterior surface of the scapula is the

costal surface

the middle area of the costal surface that presents as a large cavity or depression

subscapular fossa

a long curved process of the scapula that extends laterally over the head of the humerus

acromion

a thick beak like process of the scapula that projects anteriorly beneath the clavicle

coracoid process

a notch on the superior boarder of the scapula that is partially formed by the base of the coracoid process

suprascapular notch

a prominent structure on the dorsal or posterior side of the scapula

spine

the spine starts on the ____ ____as a smooth triangular area and continues laterally to end at the ____

vertebral boarder; acromion

the acromion overhangs the shoulder joint ____

posteriorly

the posterior boarder or ridge of the spine is thickened and termed as the

crest

the spine separates the posterior surface of the scapula into

infraspinous fossa and supraspinous fossa

both fossa serve as

attachments for muscles

how are the muscles named of shoulder

to their attached fossa

in a lateral view, the scapula is shaped like a

Y

upper parts of the Y

acromion and coracoid process

the expanded distal end of the spine that extends superiorly and posteriorly to the glenoid cavity

acromion

located more anteriorly in relationship with the glenoid cavity or shoulder joint

coraoid process

the lower portion of the Y is the

body of the scapula

the posterior surface of the scapula in a Y is the

dorsal surface

the spine extends from its ___ ___ at its upper margin

dorsal surface

the anterior surface of the body of the scapula in a Y view is the

ventral surface

a thicker edge or boarder that extends from the glenoid cavity to the inferior angle in a Y view

lateral boarder of scapula

the inferosuperior axial projection results in

lateral view of the head and neck of the humerus and demonstrates the relationship between the humerus and glenoid cavity which makes up the scapulohumeral (glenohumeral) joint

3 joints of shoulder girdle

AC, SC, scapulohumeral (glenohumeral)

the 3 shoulder joints are classified as

synovial

the mobility of the 3 shoulder joints

diarthrotic

diarthrotic means

freely movable

involves articulation of the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula

scapulohumeral joint AKA glenohumeral joint

movement type of scapulohumeral or glenohumeral joint

ball and socket(spheroidal)

very shallow allowing the greatest freedom in mobility of any joint in the human body, but at some expense to its strength and stability

glenoid cavity

dislocations of what joint occur the most frequent

shoulder

the SC joint is what type

gliding or plane

double plane SC joint because the sternal end of the clavicle articulates with

upper portion of sternum and cartilage of first rib

the AC joint is of what type

gliding or plane

primary movement of AC joint

gliding action between end of clavicle and acromion

secondary movement at AC joint

scapula moves forwards and backwards with clavicle

the rotational projections of humerus show

scapulohumeral joint AKA glenohumeral( shows calcium deposits or other pathology)

external rotation has condyles

parallel to IR