Blood Lab Study Guide For Quiz One

Identify the shown blood disorder and explain how it differs from normal blood.

sickle cell anemia, fragile elongated sickle shaped cells which differ from normal circular and flexible red blood cells. Genetic disorder, manageable with medication

Identify the shown blood disorder and explain how it differs from normal blood.

leukocytosis, overcrowding of developing blood cells, where normal samples have a lower number of cells and are more organized. Infection and easily manageable

Identify the shown blood disorder and explain how it differs from normal blood.

lymphocytic leukemia, overcrowded immature white blood cells and too many identical immune cells, typical healthy blood only contains a small amount of mature white blood cells. Blood cancer but highly treatable 

Identify the shown blood disorder and explain how it differs from normal blood.

polcynthemia vera, extremely over packed with red blood cells with little plasma which is different from normal blood which has less blood cells and more plasma. slow growing blood cancer that makes the blood sluggish but very manageable

Describe a hematocrit procedure.

a centrifuge spins blood rapidly at around 10,000 rpms forcing the different compounds in the blood to separate from least dense on top to most dense on bottom

Describe the layers in the hematocrit process after the blood separates.

top layer: plasma (water, nutrients, proteins.)

middle layer: buffy coat (white blood cells,platlets).

bottom layer: red blood cells/erythrocytes

What are the normal values of rbc% for men and women?

an average of 41% for females and 47% for men, with a total average of 36-50%

What happens when rbc% drops too low?

you become anemic

What happens when rbc% gets to high?

you get polycynthemia

What is ABO blood typing?

classifying blood based on antigens on red blood cells

What antigens and antibodies are in type A blood?

A antigens on the red blood cells and anti B antibodies in the plasma

What antigens and antibodies are in type B blood?

B antigens on the red blood cells and anti A antibodies in the plasma

What antigens and antibodies are in type AB blood?

A and B antigens on red blood cells and no antibodies in the plasma

What antigens and antibodies are in type O blood?

no antigens on the red blood cells and anti A and anti B antibodies in the plasma

Which blood type is the universal donor and why?

O- because it lacks anti A, B and Rh antigens so it wont trigger an immune response in the recipient

Which blood type is the universal recipient and why?

AB+ it lacks anti A, anti B and anti Rh antibodies so it can receive any blood type

What is the Rh factor?

inherited proteins found on the surface of red blood cells that determine if blood is positive or negative

What occurs during the first pregnancy of Rh- women with an Rh+ baby?

placental bleeding exposes the mother to Rh+ blood which produces anti Rh antibodies without harming the baby first

What happens in a subsequent pregnancy if the Rh- mother carries another Rh+ baby?

maternal anti-Rh antibodies cross the placenta and attack the babies red blood cells causing hemolytic disease in the newborn

Why are RBCs (Red Blood Cells) more dense in blood?

they are packed with a heavy iron rich protein called hemoglobin

What is RhoGAM?

A shot given to Rh-negative pregnant moms to stop moms body from fighting off the babies blood