chapter 2 new terms

Adenoidectomy

Surgical removal of the adenoids

Adrenaline

A hormone produced by the adrenal glands

Adipocyte

Fat cell

Albuminuria

Presence of albumin in the urine

Adenoid

Pertaining to glands or glandular tissue

Atriomegaly

Enlargement of an atrium of the heart

Axillary

Pertaining to the armpit

Bacteriuria

Presence of bacteria in the urine

Blepharoptosis

Drooping of the eyelid

Brachial

pertaining to the arm

Buccocclusion

misalignment of the teeth involving the cheek

Buccal fat

Fat in the cheek

Bursitis

inflammation of a bursa (small sac between a tendon and bone)

Chemotherapy

Treatment using chemical (typically for cancer)

Cholelithotomy

Surgical removal of gallstones

Cholecystectomy

Surgical removal of the gallbladder

Hypochondriac

Pertaining to under the cartilage of the ribs

Coccygeal

Pertaining to the coccyx (tailbone)

Cryotherapy

Therapy using cold temperatures

Subcutaneous

Pertaining to under the skin

Dactylospasm

Spasm of the fingers or toes

Dentist

Specialist in teeth care

Emphysema

Lung disease causing over-inflation of alveoli (small air sacs in the lungs)

Endocrinology

Study of endocrine glands and hormones

Fibroma

Benign tumor of fibrous tissue

Foramina

Opening in bone for nerves or vessels

Ganglionectomy

Surgical removal of a ganglion (cluster of nerves or fluid filled cyst)

Geriatrics

Medical care and treatment of the elderly

Prognathic

Having a protruding jaw

Herniotomy

Incision into a hernia (bulge of an organ

Histology

Study of tissues

Hypnosis

A trance-like state resembling sleep

Jejunoileostomy

Surgical connection between the jejunum and ileum

Karyoclasis

Destruction of a cell nucleus

Laminectomy

Surgical removal of part of a vertebra

Lumbar

Pertaining to the lower back

Lymphadenocele

Swelling of a lymph node

Lymphangiofibroma

Fibrous tumor of lymphatic vessels

Morpheus

Pertaining to form or structure

myelogram

Imaging of the spinal cord

Narcolepsy

Disorder causing sudden sleep attacks

Necrosis

Death of tissue

Noctalbuminuria

Presence of albumin in the urine at night

Orchialgia

Pain in the testicle

Parathyroid gland

Small glands near the thyroid gland regulating calcium levels

Pediatrics

Care and treatment of children

Pelvic

Pertaining to the pelvis

Peritoneal dialysis

Dialysis (filtration of blood) using the peritoneal cavity

Phonoscope

Instrument for examining sound waves

Pleuritis

Inflammation of the pleura (membrane that covers the lungs)

Reticulocyte

Immature red blood cell with a network-like appearance

Salpingectomy

Surgical removal of a fallopian tube

Somataesthesis

Bodily sensation

Ultrasonography

Imaging using sound waves

Spirometer

Device that measures lung capacity

Splenectomy

Surgical removal of the spleen

Spleen

Vascular lymphoid organ that stores blood

Tonsillectomy

Surgical removal of the tonsils

Psychiatry

Study and treatment of mental illness / behavior disorders

Obstetrics

Study and treatment of childbirth / pregnancy

obstetrician

Specialist in pregnancy and childbirth

Electrocardiograph

Instrument to record the heart’s electrical activity

Echography

Recording data obtained by ultrasound

Thermometer

Instrument for measuring temperature

Ergometry

Measurement of work done / to assess physical performance

Bronchoscope

Instrument to visually examine the bronchial tubes

Microscope

Instrument to examine very small objects

Calorimeter

Instrument for measuring the the caloric energy of food

Audiometry

Measurement of hearing

Polygraph

Instrument for recording many physiologic responses

Celioscopy

Visual examination of the abdomen

Dysesthesia

Any impairment of the senses

Parosmia

A disorder of the sense of smell

Ageusia

Loss of the sense of taste

Hypoproteinemia

Decreased protein in the blood

Erythropoiesis

The production of red blood cells

Thoracentesis

Surgical puncture of the chest

Gastropexy

Surgical fixation of the stomach

Cystotomy

Incision / cutting into the urinary bladder

Lithotripsy

Crushing of stones

hepatotomy

Incision / cutting into the liver

Hepatoplasty

surgical repair of the liver

Hepatopexy

surgical fixation of the liver

hepatectomy

Excision of the liver

Hepatocele

Hernia of the liver

Hepatoptosis

Downward displacement of the liver

Gastrocele

hernia of the stomach

Thrombolytic

Agent that dissolves a blood clot

Sympathomimetic

Mimicking the effects of the nervous system of (flight or flight)

Psychotropic

Acting on / affecting the mind

Anxiolytic

Drug to reduce anxiety

Chronotropic

drug that acts on time (takes time to show effect)

Parasympathomimetic

Mimicking the effects of nervous system of (rest and digest system)

Somatotropic

Acts on the body to stimulate growth

Neuromimetic

Mimicking nerves

Aphasia

Lack of speech

Bradylalia

Slowness in speech

Dyslexia

Difficulty in reading

Myoparesis

Partial paralysis in muscle

Photophobia

Irrational fear of light