Clinical Nutrition- Final Exam- Nutrition for Anemia

What are common causes of megaloblastic anemias

Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency's

What are common causes of nonmegalobastic anemias

Accelerated erythropoiesis

What are signs you can look for during a physical exam for anemia

Koilonychia (spooning nails)

Glossitis (red tongue)

Nutritional recommendations for Stage III negative iron balance

Dietary changes

Eat foods with at least 10% RDA

Heme iron in meat, fish and poultry best absorbed

Limit inhibitors of iron absorption

Nutritional recommendations for Stage IV negative iron balance

Supplements and dietary changes

50-100 mg of element iron given 3 times daily

Don't forget vitamin C

PATIENTS NOT RESPONDING TO IRON THERAPY MAY BENEFIT FORM ADDITION OF ZINC SUPPLEMENT

What could be some inhibitors of iron absorption

Carbonates, oxalates, phosphates, phytates, tea and coffee

Which iron salts are most constipating

Ferrous sulfate

Which iron salts are least constipating

Chelated iron (ferrous fumarate, succinctness, aspirate and bisglycinate)

If a patient is not respond to iron therapy, what additional supplement should be utilized

Zinc supplement

What supplement dose is recommended for folic acid megaloblastic anemia

1 mg/day for 1-3 weeks

Maintenance dose for no GI problems 50-100 mcg/day

For absorptions issues then 500-1000 mcg/day

What supplement dose is recommended for B12 megaloblastic anemia

1000 mcg/day

What other dietary changes are recommended for megaloblastic anemia

Eat at last 1 fresh, uncooked fruit or veggie or drink 1 glass of juice daily

High protein diet (1.5 g/kg) especially animal

Leafy greens