A & P LAP 3 Study Guide

What is the function of the Skeletal system?

• support

• storage of minerals (calcium) and lipids (yellow marrow)

• blood cell production (red marrow)

• protection

• leverage (force of motion)

osteocytes

• mature bone cells that maintain the bone

• maintain protein and mineral content of matrix

• help repair damaged bone

osteoblasts

• immature bone cells that secrete matrix compounds

Osteoprogenitor cells

• stem cells that divide to produce osteoblasts

• assist in fracture repair

osteoclasts

• secrete acids and protein-digesting enzymes

• dissolve bone matrix and release stored minerals

What is the structure of the osteon model? Describe each part

What are the two types of bone marrow, and where are they found?

Red bone marrow:

• found in the space between trabeculae

Yellow bone marrow:

• found in spongy bone

What is the process of ossification?

the process of replacing other tissues with bone

What are the different bone categories?

• Short Bones

• Flat Bones

• Long Bones

• Sesamoid Bones

What is osteoporosis and what causes it?

How many bones are in the human body?

206

What are the types of ribs and how many are in each?

True Ribs: 7

False Ribs: 5

Floating Ribs: 2

What bones make up the axial and appendicular skeleton?

Axial: skull, spine, rib cage

Appendicular:

• upper + lower limbs

• shoulder and pelvic girdle

kyphosis

lordosis

scoliosis

What are the types of vertebrae and how many are in each?

• Cervical: 7 (breakfast)

• Thoracic: 12 (lunch)

• Lumbar: 5 (dinner)

What are the parts of the vertebrae?

What are the axis and atlas?

What is the name of the shoulder joint?

What are the bones of the body?

What are the articulations of the bones?

What are the different joint classifications?

What is the special type of synarthrosis joint that holds the teeth in?

What are the classifications of joints based on joint movability?

What are the movements of the joints?

What is the general name of joints?

What is an articulation?

What are fontanels, and what is their purpose?

What is the difference between male and female pelvises?