PIOTS MODULE 6

A. leeuwenhoek

first to visualize organisms using single lens microscope

a. leeuwenhoek

b. hooke

c. needham

d. spallanzani

b. hooke

father of cytology/cell theory

a. leeuwenhoek

b. hooke

c. needham

d. spallanzani

c. needham

proposed the spontaneous generation theory of theory of Abiogenesis

a. leeuwenhoek

b. hooke

c. needham

d. spallanzani

d. spallanzani

followed needham's experiment but sealing the nutrient broth

a. leeuwenhoek

b. hooke

c. needham

d. spallanzani

C. discovered small pox, rabies and anthrax vaccine (instead, he discovered the vaccine for CHICKEN POX)

the ff. are the contributions of Louis Pasteur, EXCEPT:

a. swan-neck flask experiment

b. fermentation principle

c. discover small pox, rabies and anthrax vaccine

d. pasteurization

E. AOTA

Paul Ehrlich discovered this drug for the treatment of Syphilis:

a. salvarsan

b. arsphenamine

c. compound 606

d. A and C only

e. AOTA

C. behring: sulfanilamide

the ff. pairs are correct, EXCEPT:

a. fleming: penicillin

b. jenner: small pox vaccine

c. behring: sulfanilamide

d. NOTA

b. domagk

Discovered sulfanilamide

a. behring

b. domagk

c. spallanzani

d. jenner

a. behring

discovered DTP (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis) vaccine

a. behring

b. domagk

c. spallanzani

d. jenner

B. organisms cannot be isolated and grown in a pure culture media (THEY CAN!)

the ff. statements are true regarding Henle-Koch's postulates, EXCEPT:

a. all cases of a disease should have the organism

b. organisms cannot be isolated and grown in a pure culture media

c. organisms when inoculated to a healthy animal will cause the disease

d. organisms can be re-isolated

E. A and C (shape of chromosomes for prokaryotes is CIRCULAR)

the ff. statements are correct with regards to the description of prokaryotic cells

a. only nucleoid region is available

b. the shape of the chromosomes is linear

c. the cell division process is binary fission

d. A and B

e. A and C

b. mycoplasma sp.

the only bacteria that doesnt have any cell wall

a. L. monocytogenes

b. mycoplasma sp.

c. V. cholera

d. H. pylori

a. L. monocytogenes

only gram POSITIVE (+) bacteria with Endotoxin

a. L. monocytogenes

b. mycoplasma sp.

c. V. cholera

d. H. pylori

B. flagella

proteinaceous thin, slender extracellular structures for motility or locomotion

a. plasmids

b. flagella

c. pili

d. capsule

a. plasmids

regions that code characteristics of bacteria

a. plasmids

b. flagella

c. pili

d. capsule

c. pili

lipoprotein-rich, short, tough, and firm extracellular structure that is used for surface or mucosal attachment

a. plasmids

b. flagella

c. pili

d. capsule

d. capsule

where antigens for resistance from phagocytosis can be located

a. plasmids

b. flagella

c. pili

d. capsule

D. helicobacter

the following bacteria belongs to gram (+) family, EXCEPT:

a. mycobacterium sp.

b. bacillus sp.

c. listeria sp.

d. helicobacter sp.

E. A and C

The ff. are the characteristics of a Gram (+) bacteria

a. with a thick peptidoglycan

b. consists of LPS

c. with teichoic acid

d. A and B

e. A and C

E. NOTA

the ff. are obligate aerobic microorganisms, EXCEPT:

a. M. tuberculosis

b. B. cereus

c. Neisseria sp.

d. Legionella sp.

e. NOTA

D. NOTA

The following are obligate ANAEROBIC microorganism, except:

a. actinomyces

b. bacteroides

c. clostridium

d. NOTA

c. campylobacter jejuni

which of the ff. organisms thrives in a place that is rich in Carbon dioxide

a. lactobacillus sp.

b. propionibacterium

c. campylobacter jejuni

d. NOTA

D. staphylococcus sp. (non-lactose fermenting: SSPP: salmonella, shigella, pseudomonas, proteus)

the following are non-lactose fermenting bacteria, EXCEPT

a. salmonella

b. shigella

c. pseudomonas

d. staphylococcus

E. fletcher's

the specific medium use to grow Leptospira sp.

a. Saboraud's dextrose agar (SDA)

b. thayer-martin agar

c. tellurite

d. lowenstein Jensen

e. Fletcher's

A. saboraud's dextrose agar

the specific medium use to grow Fungi

a. Saboraud's dextrose agar (SDA)

b. thayer-martin agar

c. tellurite

d. lowenstein Jensen

e. Fletcher's

b. thayer-martin agar

the specific medium use to grow N. gonorrhea

a. Saboraud's dextrose agar (SDA)

b. thayer-martin agar

c. tellurite

d. lowenstein Jensen

e. Fletcher's

c. tellurite

the specific medium use to grow Corynebacterium diphtheria

a. Saboraud's dextrose agar (SDA)

b. thayer-martin agar

c. tellurite

d. lowenstein Jensen

e. Fletcher's

d. lowenstein jensen

the specific medium use to grow M. tuberculosis

a. Saboraud's dextrose agar (SDA)

b. thayer-martin agar

c. tellurite

d. lowenstein Jensen

e. Fletcher's

B. skirrow's

the specific medium used to grow campylobacter and helicobacter is

a. xylose lysine deoxycholate

b. skirrow's

c. thiosulfate-citrate-bile sucrose

d. bordet-gengou

e. mannitol salt

a. Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD)

the specific medium used to grow shigella and salmonella is

a. xylose lysine deoxycholate

b. skirrow's

c. thiosulfate-citrate-bile sucrose

d. bordet-gengou

e. mannitol salt

c. thiosulfate-citrate-bile sucrose

the specific medium used to grow Vibrio is

a. xylose lysine deoxycholate

b. skirrow's

c. thiosulfate-citrate-bile sucrose

d. bordet-gengou

e. mannitol salt

d. bordet-gengou

the specific medium used to grow bordetella is

a. xylose lysine deoxycholate

b. skirrow's

c. thiosulfate-citrate-bile sucrose

d. bordet-gengou

e. mannitol salt

e. mannitol salt

the specific medium used to grow staphylococcus sp. is

a. xylose lysine deoxycholate

b. skirrow's

c. thiosulfate-citrate-bile sucrose

d. bordet-gengou

e. mannitol salt

c. stationary

stage of bacterial growth in which the number of dividing cells is equal to the number of dying cells

a. lag

b. log

c. stationary

d. death

E. AOTA

the ff. are physical methods of microbial control

a. filtration

b. Use of UV rays

c. autoclaving

d. deep freezing

e. AOTA

d. NOTA (all are correct)

the ff. pairs of MOA are correct, EXCEPT:

a. autoclaving: protein precipitation

b. dry heat: oxidation

c. ionizing radiation: DNA destruction

d. NOTA

E. NOTA (all have this MOA)

The ff. chemical is used for bacterial control has a MOA of protein denaturation, EXCEPT:

a. phenol

b. alcohol

c. halogens

d. metals

e. NOTA

d. safranin

the secondary stain used in gram staining

a. crystal violet

b. iodine

c. alcohol

d. safranin

e. carbol fuchsin

a. crystal violet

primary stain used against the peptidoglycan layer

a. crystal violet

b. iodine

c. alcohol

d. safranin

e. carbol fuchsin

b. iodine

mordant or fixative for higher affinity of primary stain

a. crystal violet

b. iodine

c. alcohol

d. safranin

e. carbol fuchsin

c. alcohol

decolorizer

a. crystal violet

b. iodine

c. alcohol

d. safranin

e. carbol fuchsin

A. carbol fuchsin, alcohol, methylene blue

the ff. are used in AFB staining

A. carbol fuchsin, alcohol, methylene blue

b. carbol fuchsin, alcohol, safranin

c. malachite green, acid alcohol, safranin

d. copper sulfate

c. malachite green, acid alcohol, safranin

the ff. are used in spore staining

A. carbol fuchsin, alcohol, methylene blue

b. carbol fuchsin, alcohol, safranin

c. malachite green, acid alcohol, safranin

d. copper sulfate

d. copper sulfate

the ff. are used in capsule staining

A. carbol fuchsin, alcohol, methylene blue

b. carbol fuchsin, alcohol, safranin

c. malachite green, acid alcohol, safranin

d. copper sulfate

c. pink

what color will be detected if the result is (+) in AFB staining?

a. violet

b. blue

c. pink

d. green

C. Exfoliatin

the ff. pairs of enzymes and functions are correct, EXCEPT:

a. hyaluronidase - spreading factor

b. streptodonase - makes pus viscous

c. exfoliatin - causes hemolysis of RBC

d. enterotoxin - causes diarrhea

c. conjugation

transfer of genetic material via sex pilus in bacteria

a. transformation

b. transduction

c. conjugation

d. NOTA

a. transformation

slowest and crudest form of bacterial gene transfer and that often leads to mutation. is applicable to in-between species only

a. transformation

b. transduction

c. conjugation

d. NOTA

b. transduction

method of bacterial gene function that involves a bacteriophage; virus gets genetic material of one bacteria to be transferred to another

a. transformation

b. transduction

c. conjugation

d. NOTA