Chapter 8: Behavioral Analysis and Other Related Evidence

Behavioral Analysis define

analysis of aspects of offenders BEHAVIORS to help identify characteristics of who that person is that exhibited that person

• EX: gender, age, martial status

Criminal Profiling

Assessing a crime and how it was committed to identifying behavior trials of the person who committed it

• Messy vs clean murders

• reduces the number of suspects

Assumptions

A crime reflects the characteristics of the offender

Souvenirs

tokens to help remember

• EX: body parts

Trophies

Have intrinsic value; they are rewards for the offender

MO

refers to the actions taken by the perpetrator

Signature

the perpetrators actions due to attain emotional satisfaction

Victimology

The study of the victim to help investigators understand the crime, the victim-offender relationship, and possible offender behavior

• EX: ethnicity, occupation

Victimology examines

• Victim backgroundf and style

• daily routines and activities 

• relationships and possible conflicts 

• risk level and vulnerability 

• victim offenders connection

Investigative value

• helps explain victim selection 

• may reveal offender opportunity

• narrows potential suspect pools

• identifies patterns across cases

• supports offendere behavior analysis

Organized crime scenes

• Orderly and reflects a high degree of control-planned

•  Planned offense

• Victim a targeted stranger

• Personalizes victim

• Controlled converstation 

Organized Crime offenders

• 
  

• Same age/race as the victim 

• Younger than 35

• Married

• Above-average intelligence

• outgoing

Disorganized crime scene

• Spotaneous offense  Crmem/location known (usually where the crime occurs)  Crmesonalize victim

• Minimal conversation

• Crme scene random and sloppy (bloody)

• Sudden death to victim 

• minimal use of restraints 

Disorganized offender

• Same race as the victim

• 16 to late 30s 

• below-average intelligence

• single

• mentally ill

Staging

Making it seem like smth else happened other than what they did

Geographic profiling

• A process of inferring characteristics about an offender through the analysis of the crime scene locations

Anchor points

areas where an individual spends most of their time

• creates a COGNITIVE MAP

• EX: Offenders home

Comfort/hunting zone

familiar areas where the offender operates

• Where the offender feels familiar enough to offend

• hunting

Buffer zopne

Area close to the perpetrators home where they DO NOT commit the crime

• No hunting

• Too close to home

Distance Decay

as the distance away from a perpetrators home increases, the chances of them committing a crime decreases

• higher effort and risk

Psycholinguistics

• Involves the analysis of spoken or written words to:

  • Revel information about that person (EX: slang reveals age or culture)

  • Associate crimes based on similarities of writing style and communication 

  • Identify deception in the statement 

Crime analysis

• Process of studying patterns and characteristics of crimes to identify offenders

VICAP

A system where characteristics are put into (about crime)

• include crime scene, victimology, geographic