1865-1890

When was the 10% plan proposed?

1864

When was the 13th amendment passed?

1865

How many ex-confederate pardons did Johnson issue?

13,000

When did Johnson veto the Civil Rights Act?

1866

When was the 14th amendment passed?

1868

When were the recontruction acts passed and what did they do?

1867 - placed 10 ex-confederate states under military rule with 20,000 troops

When did Congress attempt to impeach johnson?

1868

How many votes did johnson survice impeachment by?

1

When did radical reconstruction begin?

1868 when Grant elected

When was the amnesty act?

1872

When was the freedman’s bureau set up?

1865

When were the black codes in S. states enacted?

Dec 1865

When and where was the KKK founded?

1865, Tennessee

When was the first black senator elected and who was it?

1870 - Hiram Revels - Mississipi

How many black members of the HoR were there in the 42nd congress?

5

When was the Freedman’s Bureau abolished and why?

1872 - due to political opposition and lack of funding

What did the 1875 Civil Rights Act say?

guarantees equal rights for AAs in public accomodations and jury service

Limitation of the 1875 civil rights act?

ruled unconst 1883

When was the disputed election?

1876

When was the compromise?

1877

When did reconstruction end?

1877

When was Lincoln pres and for what party?

1865 - Republican

When was Johnson pres and for what party?

1865-1869 → democrat

Why was Johnson disliked by congress?

Felt he was too lenient to the south, was an alcoholic and unwilling to compromise

What did the tenure of office act do?

stopped johnson from removing a host of office holders

How much of the popular vote did Grant win?

52%

When was the 15th amendment and how many votes did it pass by?

1870 → 144 yes and 44 no

When was the Black Friday Scandal?

1869

When was the Whiskey Ring Scandal?

1875

Who were the redeemers?

Southern wing of teh democrat party - aimed to regain southern political power and enforce white supremacy

Who were the ‘carpetbaggers’?

term used by S. whites to describe northerners moving to the S to exert political influence or find financial opportunities

Who were the ‘scalawags’?

people who supported either the carpetbaggers or the redeemers

How much did N.Carolina’s railroads expand?

984 to 1356 miles by 1975

What aided the N.Carolina railroad expansion?

$18mill loan from federal gov

How much had the average southerner’s wage fallen by 1870?

2/5 of a notherners

What led to a sharp prices fall 1870s?

surplus of cotton

What majority did black voters have in S. Carolina?

59%

How many blacks held public office in S. Carolina?

314

What happened 1866 New Orleans?

34 AAs killed when trying to vote - white supremacy

What was the limitation of the 15th amendment?

had significant loopholes

How many states had no AAs holding office?

5 southern states

What did the freedmen’s bureau do?

distributed 13 mil rations

gave 500,000 freedmen medical aid

When was the Colfax massacre and how many freedmen were killed?

1873 - 150 killed - KKK involvement

What was the problem for AAs on farms?

mainly sharecroppers - only able to keep 1/3 to ½ of what they grew

How much did purchasing contracts for businesses cost in S Carolina?

$10 - $100

When did S.Carolina create a state land comission and how many AAs did it help?

1869 - 14,000

How many AAs held governement jobs?

2000

When was the compromise and what were the main points?

1877

• Hayes only serve 1 term

• 20,000 troops removed from the S

• Repubs end gov claims in 3 S. states

Why did reconstruction fail? (4)

S. resistance and opposition

failures of the presidents

declining N. repub support

1876 election and 1877 compromise

Who coined the phrase ‘The Gilded Age?

Mark Twain

When was Hayes pres and for what party?

1877 - 1881 → Republican

When was Garfield pres and for what party?

1881 → Republican

When was Arthur pres and for what party?

1881-1884 → Republican

When was Cleveland pres and for what party?

1885-1889 AND 1893-1897

Democrat

When was Harrison pres and for what party?

1889-1893 → Republican

When was McKinley pres and for what party?

1897 - 1901 → Republican

What did Hayes fight for?

removing the spoils system - replace with merit-based

Why was Hayes unable to do much?

blocked by congress majority of the time

What did the Senate block under Hayes?

Appointment of Stanley Matthews to SC

How many votes did Garfield win by?

10,000 → small margin

How was Garfield able to reduce corruption?

removal of Roscoe Conkling from NY customs house

What did Garfield support?

Civil service reform

What happened to Garfield?

shot at a train station by Guiteau

When was the Pendleton Act?

1883

What law under Arthur limited immigration?

Chinese Exclusion Act 1882

Did Arthur support civil rights? if yes, how?

yes - worked with third parties to help support them in the South

How many star routes were there by 1880 and how much did the cost the gov?

over 10,000 - $6mil/yr

When did star routes investigations take place?

1872 and 1876

How much did the star routes scandal defaud the post office of?

$4mil

What did cleveland do regarding the spoils system?

continued reform - wouldnt fire any republican doing their job well

What did Cleveland do regarding tariffs?

reverse effects of 1890 McKinley tariff - minor amendments to lower it

When was the Sherman Silver Perchase Act

1890 - increased amount of silver in US currency

When was the Sherman Silver Purchase Act repealed and why?

1893 - Inflation and financial panic

What acts did the SC repeal and what did they do?

1870/71 enforcement acts - used federal officers to protect voting rights

What kind of gov did Cleveland want?

limited gov

What did Cleveland veto?

100s of private pension bills for civil war veterans

What was Tammany Hall?

doing things for people to gain the democrats votes

How much did N income increase due to the civil war?

50%

How much did the population grow?

31mil to 50 mil 1880

Who many immigrants were there 1860-1890?

7.3mil

When was the first transcontinental railroad completed?

1869

How many miles of track were built 1868-1873?

53,000

When and what was the McKinley Tariff?

1890 - raised duties to 52%

In what ways was the governement laissez faire?

no working hour restrictions

profits not taxed

What was Rockerfellaer’s company?

Standard Oil - 1870

What company did Carnegie start?

Carnegie steel company 1892

What company did Vanderbilt do?

dominated the railroads and shipping

When was the Bessemer process used?

1880

How much did steel production increase?

360,000 tons (1875) to 60mil (1900)

How much did populations living on farms incrase by?

10mil → 25mil

how much did production of wheat increase by?

211mil bushels (1967) → 468mil (1890)

When was refridgeration developed?

1867

How much meat shipped annually to london?

10,000 tons by 1890

When was the Homestead act?

1862

How much did crop prices fall by 1869?

$1.45 to 76c

How much did cotton prices fall due to surplus?

15c/pound to less than 6c/pound

When was there a drought?

1887

How much did farm mortgage debt increase 1870-90?

doubled

How many farmers were tenants/sharecroppers by 1890 in kansas?

1/4

What impact did the 1873 financial panic have?

55 railroads and 18,000 buisinesses failed

unemployment 8%