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Adenocarcinoma

Type of malignancy that forms in the lamina propria.

Emphysema

Disease that causes large alveoli.

Acidosis

Condition that can result from retaining CO2, often associated with emphysema.

Plasma cells

Cells that B cells transform into before secreting antibodies.

IgG

The most common immunoglobulin.

Impaired use

NOT a cardinal sign in inflammation, unlike swelling, pain, redness, and heat.

Antigen presenting cells

Display processed antigens to helper T-cells in the lymph nodes.

Humoral immune response

The correct sequence is Recognition, Make a presentation, Clonal selection, then differentiation.

Bicarbonate Ion

The form in which blood transports more CO2 than any other form (70%).

Hydrogen ions

Generated by the addition of carbon dioxide to the blood.

Carbonate

Form in which carbon dioxide does NOT travel in blood.

IgE

An antibody produced by plasma cells.

Dalton's Law of partial pressures

Law describing the partial pressure of gas.

Fever

A second line of defense caused by pyrogens.

Medulla Oblongata

Location where Vagus and Glossopharyngeal nerves carry signals to the chemoreceptors.

Partial pressure of pCO2

At sea level (760 mmHg), it is 0.3 mmHg.

Plasma cells

What B cells differentiate into before secreting antibodies.

MHC protein

Helper T cells recognize antigens when they are bound to this.

Anaphylactic shock

Condition associated with bronchoconstriction and vasodilation.

Small (oat) cell carcinoma

The least common but most dangerous type of lung cancer.

Epitopes

The spikes on the surface of cells that act as antigens.

Two

Each immunoglobulin has this number of antigen binding sites.

IgG

Immunoglobulin that constitutes 80% of the antibody response.

Chronic Bronchitis

Cancer characterized by goblet cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy.

Decompression sickness

Condition where nitrogen bubbles form in blood when underwater.

Interferons

Antimicrobial proteins secreted by virus-infected cells.

Hypoventilation

Condition that results from hypocapnia, leading to alkalosis.

Self antigens

What autoimmune disorders fail to distinguish from foreign antigens.

Presentation

What follows recognition in the immune response process.

RBC

What does NOT occur when oxygen dissociates from hemoglobin.

Central chemoreceptors

Monitor pH in the body.

Interferons

Secreted by virus-infected cells to help resist viral infections.

Pyrexia

Compliment action that is NOT performed.

Inspiratory reserve volume

Breath in excess of tidal breathing (IRV).

Pulmonary compliance

Term for lung resistance to expansion.

Helper T cells

HIV primarily targets these cells.

Margination

First series of neutrophil behaviors during inflammation.

Vital capacity

The total volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation.

Specificity and particularity

Terms related to immunity.

Carbonic anhydrase

Enzyme that breaks carbonic acid into water and carbon dioxide.

PO2 and PCO2

Normal values are 95 mmHg and 40 mmHg respectively in the lungs.

Anticipation of the need of the exercising muscle

What increases your respiratory rate during exercise.