Theology 1 Test 3

Worldview

Answers the questions of origin, identity, purpose, and how we should live.

Deism

Belief that God exists but is not personal; acknowledges God's transcendence but denies His immanence.

Transcendence

God is superior, supreme, and beyond the universe.

Immanence

God dwells and works within His creation (John 1:14).

Atheism

Belief that there is no God.

Agnosticism

Belief that God's existence cannot be known or verified.

Pantheism

Belief that everything is God and God is everything.

What is wrong with pantheism?

It confuses God's omnipresence with God being identical to creation.

Polytheism

Belief that many gods exist.

Tritheism

Belief that there are three separate gods.

Dualism

Belief that two equally powerful gods exist.

Monotheism

Belief that there is one God.

Three major monotheistic religions

Christianity, Judaism, and Islam.

Cosmological Argument

Argument from cause and effect that the universe must have a cause.

Premise 1 of the Cosmological Argument

Whatever begins to exist must have a cause.

Premise 2 of the Cosmological Argument

The universe began to exist.

Conclusion of the Cosmological Argument

The universe must have a cause.

Teleological Argument

Argument from order and design that points to a Designer.

Meaning of Telos

End or purpose.

Scripture supporting Teleological Argument

Psalm 139:13-14 and Psalm 19:1.

Axiological Argument

Argument from morality that points to a Moral Lawgiver.

Meaning of Axiom

Self-evident truth.

Scripture supporting Axiological Argument

Romans 2:14-15.

Anthropological Argument

Argument from man and humanity's natural desire to worship.

Meaning of Anthropos

Man.

Spirituality of God

God is spirit, immaterial, and incorporeal.

Key verse for God's spirituality

John 4:24.

Anthropomorphism

Describing God with human characteristics or body parts.

Personality of God

God possesses self-consciousness, intellect, emotions, and will.

Self-Consciousness

God's awareness of Himself and His identity.

Intellect

God's ability to reason, plan, and design.

Emotion

God's capacity to appreciate and respond with feeling.

Will

God's ability to choose and determine actions.

Elohim

Name of God emphasizing His power as Creator; a plural form.

El Shaddai

God Almighty.

El Roi

The God Who Sees.

Who used the name El Roi?

Hagar (Genesis 16:13).

Jehovah

Covenant name of God emphasizing His self-existence and unchanging nature.

Meaning of Jehovah

The self-existent "I AM."

Jehovah Jireh

The Lord Will Provide.

Jehovah Nissi

The Lord Our Banner.

Jehovah M'Kaddesh

The Lord Who Sanctifies.

Jehovah Rohi

The Lord My Shepherd.

Jehovah Rapha

The Lord Who Heals.

Jehovah Sabaoth

Lord of Hosts.

Jehovah Shammah

The Lord Is There.

Jehovah Shalom

The Lord Our Peace.

Jehovah Tsidkenu

The Lord Our Righteousness.

Adonai

Lord, Master, and Ruler.

Communicable Attributes

Attributes of God believers can grow in.

Incommunicable Attributes

Attributes of God that humans can never possess.

Omnipresence

God is present in all places and dimensions simultaneously.

Key verses for Omnipresence

Psalm 139:7-10, Jeremiah 23:24, Proverbs 15:3.

Omnipotence

God is all-powerful and can do whatever He wills.

Can God lie?

No. God cannot lie because it contradicts His nature.

Can God sin?

No. God cannot sin because He is holy.

Omnisapience

God is all-wise.

Difference between knowledge and wisdom

Knowledge is knowing truth; wisdom is properly applying truth.

Self-Existence (Aseity)

God exists in and of Himself and depends on nothing.

What is meant by "God is the uncaused Cause"?

God is the ultimate source of all existence yet Himself has no cause.

Infinity

God has no bounds, limits, or restrictions.

Immutability

God never changes in His nature, character, or purposes.

Key verses for Immutability

Malachi 3:6 and James 1:17.

Eternality

God exists outside of time and is not bound by time.

Key verses for Eternality

Psalm 90:2 and Genesis 21:33.

Love

Agape, unconditional love.

Joy

A deep and constant delight not dependent on circumstances.

Difference between joy and happiness

Joy is spiritual and unconditional; happiness depends on circumstances.

Peace

A calm spirit resting in God.

Longsuffering

Patient endurance of the faults and provocations of others.

Gentleness

Kindness and consideration toward others.

Goodness

Doing what is right and beneficial.

Faith

Faithfulness and reliability.

Meekness

Power under control.

Temperance

Self-control and discipline.

Trinity

One God eternally existing as three distinct Persons: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

Three Persons of the Trinity

Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

Relationship of the Persons of the Trinity

Co-equal, co-eternal, and co-existent.

Key verse for God's oneness

Deuteronomy 6:4.

Tritheism Error

Teaches that the Father, Son, and Spirit are three separate gods.

Sabellianism (Modalism)

Teaches God merely appears in different modes rather than existing as three Persons.

Arianism

Teaches Jesus is a created being and not eternal God.

Council of Nicaea (325 AD)

Defended the full deity of Christ.

Homoousios

Means "same essence" or "consubstantial."

Homoiousios

Means "similar essence."

Council of Constantinople (381 AD)

Affirmed the full deity of the Holy Spirit.

Old Testament evidence for the Trinity

Elohim, plural pronouns, and various implications.

New Testament evidence for the Trinity

Matthew 28:19, 2 Corinthians 13:14, and Matthew 3:16-17.

Great Commission Passage

Matthew 28:19.

Apostolic Benediction Passage

2 Corinthians 13:14.

Baptism of Christ Passage

Matthew 3:16-17.

Meaning of Monogenes

One of a kind; unique.

Meaning of Firstborn in reference to Christ

Position of supremacy and priority, not creation.

Docetism

Belief that Jesus only appeared to be human.

Ebionism

Belief that Jesus was merely human.

Apollinarianism

Belief that Christ was neither fully God nor fully man.

Nestorianism

Belief that Christ was two separate persons.

Orthodox Christology

Jesus is one Person who is fully God and fully man.

Son of God

Title emphasizing Christ's equality with God.

Son of Man

Title emphasizing Christ's humanity and messianic deity.