JSS Bangladesh and SK

Development

A process of continuous structural growth, technological progress, and positive societal change within a country.

Economy

The national or regional system governing trade, industrial production, financial income, and resource management.

Innovation

The creation and implementation of ground-breaking methods, green technologies, or novel business models to modernize an industry.

Consumerism

A socio-economic model centered around driving high market demand and encouraging the continuous purchasing of goods and services.

MDC (More Developed Country)

A nation with a highly developed economy, advanced technology, high average incomes, and strong living standards (e.g., South Korea, New Zealand).

LDC (Less Developed Country)

A nation with a lower level of industrial development, lower average incomes, and lower human development scores (e.g., Bangladesh).

Absolute Poverty

A severe condition where an individual lacks basic human survival needs like clean water, food, clothing, education, and shelter.

Relative Poverty

A condition where an individual lives on significantly less income than the average standard of living in their specific society.

Climate & Harsh Weather

Extreme heat and droughts ruin harvests, preventing countries from earning money through agricultural exports.

Natural Disasters

Disasters that destroy infrastructure and economic momentum (e.g., in 1998, flooding covered 57% of Bangladesh, killing 1,300 people and destroying 7 million homes).

Unfair Trade

Farmers in LDCs often receive unfair prices for raw goods, while retail companies in MDCs retain the bulk of profit margins.

Debt

LDCs borrow money for infrastructure but get trapped by unaffordable interest rates (e.g., in 2013, Sudan owed the UK £681 million, of which £508 million was purely interest).

War & Conflict

War diverts national funding away from agriculture and healthcare into weapons, destroying local food production (e.g., Ethiopia-Eritrea war killed 70,000 people).

Corruption

Foreign aid meant for development is sometimes misappropriated by ruling elites or used to fund military conflict.

Lack of Education

Without access to schooling, people cannot acquire higher-level skills to break the cycle of poverty (e.g., UNESCO reports 1 in 3 adults in Sub-Saharan Africa cannot read, and 32 million primary kids are out of school).

Child Mortality

UNICEF reports that 22,000 children die every single day worldwide due to conditions related to absolute poverty.

Hallyu Wave

The official rise of global popularity in South Korean culture starting in the 1990s, actively promoted by South Korea’s Ministry of Culture in 1993.

The Trainee System

Agencies ('Big Three': SM, JYP, YG) invest up to $3 million per idol in intensive audition and multi-year training programs covering dance, vocal performance, and foreign languages.

Trainee Statistics

Trainees train for an average of 3 to 4 years before debuting; only 5% to 8% of trainees ever officially debut.

Economic Scale

K-pop generates billions for South Korea—BTS alone generated over $4.65 billion for the economy in 2019 and attracted 1 in every 13 international tourists.

Protective Legislation (Lee Seung-gi Act 2023)

South Korea passed an amendment to protect young stars from slave contracts and overwork by capping minor working hours.

Physical Album Innovations

Agencies introduced collectible packaging and multi-versions to buck the trend of falling physical CD sales.

Physical Album Growth

South Korean physical album sales grew significantly from 2018 to 2021.

Fandom Power

Dedicated fans organize globally for social/political action and fundraising during crises.

Industry Beginnings

The RMG sector started in 1978 when pioneer Nurool Quader Khan sent trainees to South Korea.

Economic Footprint

The RMG sector is Bangladesh's single biggest export earner, generating over $27.9 billion annually.

Social Impact

The industry employs around 4 million workers, over 54% of whom are women.

The Rana Plaza Disaster

On 24 April 2013, the Rana Plaza factory collapse killed 1,134 workers, exposing safety flaws.

Economic Vulnerability

Dependence on global brands left Bangladesh's RMG industry vulnerable during COVID-19.

Environmental Impact of Fashion

Fashion contributes significantly to carbon emissions and poor recycling rates.

The Green Machine Innovation

A method to recycle fabric blends without degradation, funded by H&M Foundation.

Tourism Contribution

Tourism is New Zealand’s second-largest export earner, contributing $13.2 billion in 2023.

Top Asian Visitor Markets

Major contributors to tourism spending include China, Australia, Japan, and South Korea.

Economic Vulnerability

Travel restrictions during COVID-19 highlighted how vulnerable NZ businesses were.

International Organizations & NZ's Role

NZ participates in global bodies like the UN and WTO for peace and trade.

Graphing Rules (TOLKEN Checklist)

Rules for clear graphing including Title, Origin, Labels, Key, Equal Spacing, and Neatness.