15 Evolution on a small scale

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13 Terms

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Natural Selection

Genetic adaptation, survival of the fittest through that one living longer, reproducing more therefore making it more popular,

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Fitness in the natural world

Is the creature able to survive long enough to reproduce

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Artificial Selection

Where humans step in and breed to get certain outcomes

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Stabilizing selection

The medium phenotype is favored,

Most common form because individuals are well adapted.

<p>The medium phenotype is favored, </p><p>Most common form because individuals are well adapted. </p>
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Directional Selection

When one extreme phenotype is favored, when the population is adapting to a changing environment

<p>When one extreme phenotype is favored, when the population is adapting to a changing environment </p>
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Disruptive Selection

Two or more phenotypes are favored

<p>Two or more phenotypes are favored </p>
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Sexual Selection

Adaptive changes in males and females, that lead into a better chance of finding a mate.


Each want partner with best fitness ( better color, feathers, bigger…)

<p>Adaptive changes in males and females, that lead into a better chance of finding a mate.</p><p></p><p>Each want partner with best fitness ( better color, feathers, bigger…)</p>
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Maintence of variation

Things that impact variation


Mutations

Independent assortment

Fertilization

( crossing over in prophase 1)

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Microevolution

Individuals don’t evolve; populations do

Small changes from generation to genoration


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Genetic Mutation

Permanent change in DNA

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Genetic flow

Movement of traits from one population to another

<p>Movement of traits from one population to another</p>
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Genetic Drift- Founder Effect

  • A small group of one population gets separated

  • The traits shift depending on the new environment

  • Randomly, some traits will be more successful in new environment

  • The traits that do well will eventually become more popular


<ul><li><p>A small group of one population gets separated</p></li><li><p>The traits shift depending on the new environment</p></li><li><p>Randomly, some traits will be more successful in new environment</p></li><li><p>The traits that do well will eventually become more popular</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Genetic Drift- Bottle Neck effect