computer paper 1 content(REVISE DAILY)

What is RAM?

Volatile memory that stores programs and data currently being used.

What is ROM?

Non-volatile memory that stores start-up instructions.

What is the CPU?

The Central Processing Unit that fetches decodes and executes instructions.

What does the ALU do?

Performs arithmetic calculations and logical operations.

What does the Control Unit do?

Manages and controls the operation of the CPU.

What is cache memory?

A small amount of very fast memory that stores frequently used data and instructions.

What is a register?

A small storage location inside the CPU used to hold data temporarily.

What is clock speed?

The number of fetch-decode-execute cycles completed per second measured in hertz.

What is virtual memory?

Storage space used as extra RAM when physical RAM is full.

What is secondary storage?

Permanent storage used to store data and programs long term.

What is a HDD?

A magnetic storage device that uses spinning disks to store data.

What is a SSD?

A storage device that uses flash memory and contains no moving parts.

What is a LAN?

A network covering a small geographical area.

What is a WAN?

A network covering a large geographical area.

What is the Internet?

A worldwide system of interconnected networks.

What is a router?

A networking device that forwards data packets between networks.

What is a switch?

A device that connects devices on a LAN and sends data to the correct destination.

What is a protocol?

A set of rules that govern communication between devices.

What is HTTP?

A protocol used for transmitting web pages.

What is HTTPS?

HTTP with encryption for secure communication.

What is a firewall?

A system that monitors and filters network traffic.

What is encryption?

The process of converting data into a coded form to prevent unauthorised access.

What is malware?

Software designed to damage disrupt or gain unauthorised access to systems.

What is phishing?

A social engineering attack that tricks users into revealing personal information.

What is an operating system?

System software that manages hardware and software resources.