world cultures renaissance ramsey test full review

Renaissance

Period of art and learning from 1300

Humanists

People from the North who believed the Catholic Church lost sight of its mission.

Niccolo Machiavelli

Author of The Prince; concerned with what was politically effective rather than moral.

Perspective

How a painter represents objects in three dimensional space

Leonardo da Vinci

Painter of the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper.

Michelangelo

Sculptor of the statue of David and painter of the Sistine Chapel ceiling.

Raphael

Painter of the School of Athens.

Johannes Gutenberg

Inventor of the printing press who printed a Bible.

Erasmus

Author of The Praise of Folly who believed Christianity should come from the heart.

William Shakespeare

Most famous writer of the Elizabethan Age and renowned playwright.

Protestant Reformation

Event when Martin Luther protested against church indulgences.

Indulgences

Payments made in exchange for sins being forgiven.

Martin Luther

Man who opposed church indulgences and wrote the 95 Theses.

95 Theses

Document written by Martin Luther expressing strong opposition to paying indulgences.

Sects

New denominations or religions formed when churches break away from Catholicism.

Anglican Church

The Church of England.

Henry VIII

English king who wanted a divorce that the Pope refused to allow.

John Calvin

Believer in predestination whose French followers were called Huguenots.

Predestination

Belief that God has known since the beginning of time who will be saved.

Theocracy

A government ruled by religious leaders.

Counter reformation

a 16th- and 17th-century Roman Catholic movement that aimed to stop the spread of Protestantism

Council of Trent

A meeting of Church leaders in Northern Italy from 1545 to 1563.

Spirits

Beings believed to bring good or bad events, also called demons.

Superstitions

Belief that spirits and demons controlled a person's life.

Blessings

Prayers said to bring God's presence to weddings or harvest crops.

annul

a pope could set aside a church doctrine

peace of augsburg

it declared that each ruler would decide the religion of his state

calvinism

religion based on predestination

patron

person who financially supported the arts

Jesuits

St. Ignatius’ religious order that helped convert people to Catholicism and stop spread of protestant religions

anabaptist

religion in which people could only be baptized when they were old enough to decide to be Christian

utopia

ideal place

excommunicate

remove a person from the Catholic Church

vernacular

a set of languages spoken during the time of the Renaissance

Lutheran

of the Protestant Church (a church under the 95 Theses written by Martin Luther)