Quarter 1 Quizzes

What is the branch of science that studies how the body functions?

a. Anatomy

b. Histology

c. Pathology

d. Physiology

a. Anatomy

Which word comes from the Greek word meaning “to dissect”?

a. Anatomy

b. Histology

c. Pathology

d. Physiology

a. Anatomy

Which of the following is a higher order of organization?

a. Molecule

b. Cell

c. Organ

d. Tissue

c. Organ

The head is located ___________ to the chest.

a. anterior

b. inferior

c. deep

d. superior

d. superior

The foot is located ____________ to the leg.

a. proximal

b. superior

c. superficial

d. distal

d. distal

The thigh is ___________ to the foot.

a. distal

b. proximal

c. inferior

d. deep

b. proximal

The kneecap is located distal to the:

a. leg.

b. thigh.

c. foot.

d. toes.

b. thigh.

Which organ is located in both the ventral and thoracic cavities?

a. Stomach

b. Liver

c. Lung

d. Spinal cord

c. Lung

Which organ is located in the dorsal cavity?

a. Liver

b.Brain

c.vHeart

d.Urinary bladder

b.Brain

Which cavity is divided into quadrants?

a. Thoracic

b. Abdominopelvic

c. Dorsal

d. Cranial

b. Abdominopelvic

Which of the following refers to the lower back region?

a. Groin

b. Axillary

c. Umbilical

d. Lumbar

d. Lumbar

Which of the following refers to the groin region?

a. Axillary

b. Lumbar

c. Cranial

d. Inguinal

d. Inguinal

Which of the following refers to the area in front of the elbow?

a. Axillary

b. Brachial

c. Antecubital

d. Popliteal

c. Antecubital

What is another name for the frontal plane?

a. Sagittal plane

b. Cross section

c. Transverse plane

d. Coronal plane

d. Coronal plane

Which plane divides the body into right and left sections?

a. Sagittal

b. Coronal

c. Transverse

d. Frontal

a. Sagittal

In which cavity is the mediastinum located?

a. Pelvic

b. Dorsal

c. Thoracic

d. Abdominal

c. Thoracic

Which organ is located within the mediastinum?

a. Lungs

b. Stomach

c. Liver

d. Heart

d. Heart

Which of the following is superior to the umbilicus?

a. Groin

b. Popliteal area

c. Sternal area

d. Pelvic cavity

c. Sternal area

Which of the following is true of the dorsal cavity?

a. It contains the mediastinum.

b. It contains the brain and spinal cord.

c. It contains the thoracic cavity.

d. It is smaller than the cranial cavity.

b. It contains the brain and spinal cord.

Which plane divides the body into upper and lower sections?

a. Transverse plane

b. Coronal plane

c. Frontal plane

d. Midsagittal

a. Transverse plane

Which of the following is true?

a. The wrist is proximal to the elbow.

b. The distal humerus (arm bone) is closer to the axilla than to the elbow.

c. The proximal thigh bone is closer to the hip than to the knee.

d. The distal tibia (shin bone) is closer to the knee than to the ankle.

c. The proximal thigh bone is closer to the hip than to the knee.

The plantar region is:

a. located in the upper extremities.

b. the bottom of the foot.

c. proximal to the knee.

d. the groin.

b. the bottom of the foot.

Which of the following terms refers to the area along the lateral trunk between the ribs and the hip bones?

a. Inguinal

b. Visceral

c. Flank

d. Gluteal

c. Flank

The smallest living unit of the body is the:

a. Atom

b. Tissue

c. Cell

d. Molecule

c. Cell

Homeostasis is the body's ability to:

a. Produce energy

b. Maintain a stable internal environment

c. Eliminate waste

d. Generate heat

b. Maintain a stable internal environment

Most homeostatic mechanisms operate through:

a. Positive feedback

b. Digestion

c. Metabolism

d. Negative feedback

d. Negative feedback

Which is an example of positive feedback?

a. Body temperature regulation

b. Blood sugar regulation

c. Labor contractions

d. Blood pressure regulation

c. Labor contractions

In anatomical position, the palms face:

a. Backward

b. Inward

c. Downward

d. Forward

d. Forward

Which of the following is a measurement of hydrogen ion concentration [H+]?

a. Atomic number

b. Atomic mass

c. Isotope

d. pH

d. pH

Which of the following is located in the orbits surrounding the nucleus?

a. Isotopes

b. Protons

c. Electrons

d. Neutrons

c. Electrons

The sharing of electrons is referred to as:

a. covalent bonding.

b. ionic bonding.

c. radioactive decay.

d. isotope formation.

a. covalent bonding.

A cation is a(n):

a. positively charged ion.

b. electrolyte.

c. isotope.

d. ion that has an atomic mass of 2.

a. positively charged ion.

Which compound is the universal solvent?

a. Carbon dioxide

b. Oxygen

c. ATP

d. Water

d. Water

What is the energy-transferring molecule?

a. H+

b. ATP

c. Ca2+

d. NaCl

b. ATP

Which of the following acts as a catalyst?

a. An acid

b. An enzyme

c. A buffer

d. ATP

b. An enzyme

A solution that has a pH of 6.8:

a. has a neutral pH.

b. is alkaline.

c. is basic.

d. is acidic.

d.is acidic.

Which pH is considered neutral?

a. 7.35

b. 7.45

c. 7.00

d. 14.0

c. 7.00

An atom has 2 protons, 2 neutrons, and 2 electrons; it has an atomic:

a. number of 6.

b. mass of 2.

c. mass of 4.

d. number of 4.

c. mass of 4

A combination of sugar granules and iron filings is best described as a(n):

a. mixture.

b. colloidal suspension.

c. tincture.

d. isotope.

a. mixture.

ATP:

a. is a buffer, removing H+ from solution.

b. is an energy transfer molecule.

c. is a radioactive isotope of phosphate.

d. ionizes to H+, thereby lowering pH.

b. is an energy transfer molecule.

A catalyst:

a. is an H+-yielding molecule.

b. is an acid.

c. is an alkali.

d. increases the speed of a chemical reaction.

d. increases the speed of a chemical reaction.

A solution with a pH of 8:

a. is more acidic than blood.

b. is more acidic than stomach contents.

c. has more H+ than urine.

d. is more alkaline than blood.

d. is more alkaline than blood.

A molecule of water has a (+) charge at one and a (–) charge at the other end of the molecule. What is the best description?

a. Radioactive

b. Tincture

c. Polar molecule

d. Ionization

c. Polar molecule

Matter is anything that:

a. Conducts electricity

b. Contains hydrogen

c. Occupies space and has mass

d. Contains carbon

c. Occupies space and has mass

Which four elements make up approximately 96% of body weight?

a. Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine

b. Carbon, Nitrogen, Iron, Oxygen

c. Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

d. Hydrogen, Calcium, Oxygen, Iron

c. Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

The atomic number equals the number of:

a. Neutrons

b. Electrons and neutrons

c. Shells

d. Protons

d. Protons

Electrons involved in chemical bonding are located in the:

a. Nucleus

b. Innermost shell

c. Outermost shell

d. Neutron cloud

c. Outermost shell

An ionic bond is formed by:

a. electrons

b. Transfer (donation) of electrons

c. Neutron exchange

d. Hydrogen attraction

b. Transfer (donation) of electrons

A compound must contain:

a. Two or more different atoms

b. Ionic bonds only

c. Carbon atoms

d. At least three atoms

a. Two or more different atoms

In a solution, the substance being dissolved is the:
a. Solvent

b. Solute

c. Suspension

d. Precipitate

b. Solute

What is the study of cellular structure and function called?

a. histology

b. physiology

c. pathology

d. cytology

d. cytology

Why do heart muscle cells contain large numbers of mitochondria?

a. To produce hormones

b. o store genetic material

c. To digest waste products

d. To increase energy production

d. To increase energy production

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

a.Produce ATP

b. Regulate what enters and leaves the cell

c. Store DNA

d. Synthesize proteins

b. Regulate what enters and leaves the cell

Which structure within the nucleus is involved in ribosome synthesis?

a. chromatin

b. nucleolus

c. cytosol

d. mitochondrion

nucleolus

Cytoplasm consists of:

a. Cytosol and organelles

b. Nucleus and DNA

c. Ribosomes and chromosomes

d. Membrane and proteins

a. Cytosol and organelles

Ribosomes are responsible for:

a. Lipid synthesis

b. Cell division

c. Transport of oxygen

d. Protein synthesis

d. Protein synthesis

What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

a. ATP production

b. DNA replication

c. Protein processing and packaging

d. Digestion of bacteria

c. Protein processing and packaging

Lysosomes are often referred to as the cell's:

a. Power plants

b. Digestive bags

c. Storage tanks

d. Control centers

b. Digestive bags

Which cell extension increases surface area for absorption?

a. Microvilli

b. Flagella

c. Cilia

d. Flagella

a. Microvilli

Diffusion is the movement of a substance:

a. From high concentration to low concentration

b. From low concentration to high concentration

c. Through ATP-powered pumps

d. Against its concentration gradient

a. From high concentration to low concentration

Osmosis is the movement of:

a. proteins

b. water

c. ATP

d. glucose

b. water

What happens to a red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution?

a. It shrinks (crenates)

b. It remains unchanged

c. It produces ATP

d. It swells and may lyse

a. It shrinks (crenates)

What is the correct order of the phases of mitosis?

a. Metaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Anaphase

b. Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase

c. Anaphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Telophase

d. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

d. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

What is apoptosis?

a. Uncontrolled cell growth

b. Formation of new stem cells

c. Division of sex cells

d. Programmed cell death that removes unhealthy or unnecessary cells

d. Programmed cell death that removes unhealthy or unnecessary cells

Which of the following is (are) found on the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

a. Ribosomes

b. Cilia

c. DNA

d. ysosomes

a. Ribosomes

What is the transport mechanism in this description: A passive process that uses a pressure difference as its driving force?

a. An ATP-driven pump

b. Facilitated diffusion

c. Filtration

d. Diffusion

c. Filtration

Which of the following best describes the power or driving force for active transport?

a. DNA

b. H+

c. Pressure

d. ATP

d. ATP

What is the name of the process in which an intracellular protein–containing vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and expels the protein to the outside of the cell?

a. Endocytosis

b. Phagocytosis

c. Exocytosis

d. Pinocytosis

c. Exocytosis

Which process describes phagocytosis and pinocytosis?

a. Exocytosis

b. Endocytosis

c. Filtration

d. Facilitated diffusion

b. Endocytosis

If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution such as water, the cell will:

a. crenate.

b. shrink.

c. differentiate.

d. swell and burst.

d. swell and burst.

G1, G2, the S phase, and the M phase are phases of:

a. the cell cycle that is specific to cancer cells.

b. the cell cycle.

c. mitosis.

d. protein synthesis.

b. the cell cycle.

Pinocytosis:

a. refers to cellular drinking.

b. requires a pressure gradient as its driving force.

c. is a form of exocytosis.

d. is a passive process.

a. refers to cellular drinking.

Which of the following most accurately describes diffusion?

a. Requires a pressure or pushing force.

b. ATP-driven.

c. Passive transport.

d. Causes solute to move uphill.

Passive transport.

Oxygen moves from the lungs (high concentration) into the blood (low concentration) in response to:

a. endocytosis.

b. diffusion.

c. osmosis.

d. filtration.

b. diffusion.

Which structure is described as a semipermeable phospholipid bilayer?

a. Ribosome

b. Lysosome

c. Cell membrane

d. Mitochondrion

c. Cell membrane

What is the primary difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

a. Facilitated diffusion uses a “helper” molecule to move a substance passively.

b. One is active and the other is passive.

c. One requires ATP and the other does not.

d. Diffusion involves the movement of a substance from high concentration to a lower concentration. Facilitated diffusion moves a substance from a lower concentration to a higher concentration.

a. Facilitated diffusion uses a “helper” molecule to move a substance passively.

Which of the following best describes a cell that is necrotic?

a. Dead

b. Undifferentiated

c. Dehydrated

d. Stem cell

a. Dead

Which of the following is true of a benign neoplasm?

a. Metastatic lesion

b. Secondary tumor site

c. Noncancerous tumor

d. Cancerous

c. Noncancerous tumor

Telophase and cytokinesis:

a. complete the splitting of a single cell into two identical cells.

b. occur only within sex cells.

c. mark the beginning of mitosis.

d. are called the “resting” phases.

a. complete the splitting of a single cell into two identical cells.

A stem cell develops into a muscle cell. Which of the following most accurately describes this process?

a. Necrotic

b. Differentiation

c. Malignant

d. Neoplastic

b Differentiation

Most body potassium (K+) is located intracellularly. Through what transport mechanism would additional K+ move from the extracellular compartment to the intracellular compartment?

a. Active transport pump

b. Osmosis

c. Filtration

d. Facilitated diffusion

a. Active transport pump

In this mitotic phase, the chromatids are aligned in a narrow central zone along the equator of the cell; spindle fibers connect the chromatids and centrioles.

a.Prophase

b. Metaphase

c. Anaphase

d. Telophase

b. Metaphase