1.2 Shanghai - Rapid megacity growth

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Last updated 7:27 PM on 5/28/26
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4 Terms

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Population

Population: Over 29 million people in the metropolitan area.

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Causes of rapid megacity growth:

  • Rural-to-urban migration — China’s urban population increased from 18% in 1978 to over 65% today.

  • Economic growth and foreign investment.

  • Better healthcare, jobs, and education.

  • Industrialisation and government development policies.


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Consequences for individuals:

  • Average house prices can exceed ¥70,000 per square metre in central areas.

  • Heavy air pollution contributes to respiratory illness.

  • Long commuting times, often over 1 hour daily.

  • More employment opportunities and higher wages.


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Consequences for society/government:

  • Shanghai Metro expanded to over 800 km of track, one of the world’s largest systems.

  • Traffic congestion and overcrowding.

  • Pressure on housing, schools, and healthcare.

  • Shanghai contributes around 4% of China’s GDP.