The Heart - A&P 2 Lecture

What circuit involves the right side of the heart and carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs?

Pulmonary Circuit

What circuit involves the left side of the heart and sends oxygen-rich blood to the body?

Systemic Circuit

When blood returns back to the heart after gas exchange that is?

Pulmonary Circuit

What returns blood back to the heart?

The Systemic Circuit

What side of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood?

The right side of the heart

The oxygen-poor blood enters through the?

Superior Vena Cava and Inferior Vena Cava

What part of the right side of your heart sends the blood to the lungs?

Pulmonary Trunk

What side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the pulmonary veins?

The left side of the heart

Where is the heart located?

In the mediastinum between the lungs

The apex of the heart tilts to the..

Left

The heart is the size of your…

Fist

How much does the adult heart usually weigh?

10 oz.

What is the double-walled sac that encloses the heart?

The pericaridum

What forms the pericardial sac?

Parietal pericardium

What is another word for epicardium?

Visceral pericardium

Has superficial fibrous connective tissue layer and deep, thin serous layer?

The Parietal pericardium

Has serous membrane covering the heart?

The Visceral pericardium

What is the space inside the pericardial sac?

The pericardial cavity

What is painful inflammation of the membranes?

Pericarditis

What are the three layers of the heart wall?

Epicardium, Myocardium, and Endocardium

What layer of the heart wall is made up of heart muscle and the main muscle layer?

Myocardium

What layer of the heart wall has smooth inner lining, lines the heart and blood vessels, and covers valve surfaces?

Endocardium

What’re the 4 heart chambers?

Right Atrium, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, and Right Ventricle

What receives the blood returning to the heart?

Atria

What pumps blood into the arteries?

Ventricle

What are the two types of heart sulci?

Atrioventricular Sulcus and Interventricular Sulcus

What separates the atria from the ventricles?

Atrioventricular Sulcus (AV)

What lies over the the interventricular septum and separates the right and left ventricles?

Interventricular Sulcus (IV)

What contains coronary arteries?

Sulci

What are your Heart Valves?

Right AV Valve and Left AV Valve

The main job of the valves is to ensure?

one-way blood flow through the heart

What controls the blood flow between the atria and ventricles

Atrioventricular Valve

What is the tricuspid valve and has 3 cusps?

Right AV Valve

What is the Mitral Valve/Bicuspid valve and has 2 cusps?

Left AV Valve

What has chords connecting AV Valves to papillary muscles?

Chordae Tendineae

What controls blood flow from the ventricles into the great arteries?

Semilunar Valves

What are your two semilunar valves?

Pulmonary and Aortic

What semilunar valve is between the Right ventricle → Pulmonary trunk?

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve

What semilunar valve is between the Left ventricle → Aorta?

Aortic Semilunar Valve

The heart valves open and close because of:

Blood flow and pressure

What heart sound indicates closure of the AV valves?

“Lub”

What heart sound indicates closure of the semilunar valves?

“Dub”

What drains blood from the heart, which drains it in into the coronary sinus, and the coronary sinus empties into the right atrium?

Cardiac Veins

What supplies blood to the heart muscle?

Coronary Arteries

What are Cardiomyocytes?

Cardiac Muscle Cells

What muscle cell is striated, short, thick, branched, have one nucleus, and surrounded by a light-staining mass of glycogen?

Cardiac muscle cells

What are intercalated discs?

They join cardiocytes end-to-end

What happens when there is damage to your cardiac muscle?

Repair occurs almost entirely through fibrosis/scarring