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Why should you NEVER connect a DC motor directly to an Arduino pin?
Because a motor requires much more current than an Arduino I/O pin should supply.
Your notes use approximately:
Arduino pin → maximum 40 mA
DC motor → approximately 400 mA
Therefore, the Arduino cannot safely power the motor directly.
What could happen if a motor is connected directly to an Arduino pin?
A: The excessive current could overload or damage the Arduino pin/microcontroller.
Motors can also create electrical effects that make direct connection particularly unsuitable.
What device should be used between an Arduino and a DC motor?
A motor driver, such as an L293D, which uses an H-bridge circuit.
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