MA- all about blood and blood vessels

tunica intima

endothelium that lines the blood vessels

internal elastic lamina

-A layer of elastic tissue that forms the outermost part of the tunica intima of blood vessels. It separates tunica intima from tunica media

tunica media

smooth muscle

external elastic lamina

separates tunica media from tunica externa

tunica adventitia

outer layer of blood vessel;

fibrous connective tissue;

aka tunica externa

Erythrocytes

Blood cell that carries oxygen bound to hemoglobin.

Eosinophils

Deal mainly with parasitic infection

Thrombocytopenia

low platelet count

thrombus

blood clot

phlebotomy

incision into a vein

systemic circulation

circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to the lungs

superior vena cava

A vein that is the second largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from the upper half of the body.

bicuspid valve (mitral valve)

valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

aortic valve

heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta

tunica media

Middle layer

Hematopoiesis

formation of blood cells in bone marrow

Leukocytes

white blood cells

Lymphocytes

A type of white blood cell that make antibodies to fight off infections

Thromobocytes

platelets, clot blood, cell fragments that are formed in the marrow

Monocytes

*A type of white blood cell that transforms into macrophages, extends pseudopods, and engulfs huge numbers of microbes over a long period of time

*An agranular leukocyte that is able to migrate into tissues and transform into a macrophage.

Plasma

Liquid part of blood, 40% of blood tests

serum

liquid portion of the blood that remains after clotting, 60% of blood tests

Hemostasis

stoppage of bleeding

Capillaries

Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place between the blood and cells of the body

arteries and arterioles

carry blood away from the heart

veins and venules

carry blood back to the heart

coagulation cascade

The series of steps beginning with the intrinsic or extrinsic pathways of coagulation and proceeding through the formation of a fibrin clot

fibrin

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

Fibrinolysis

Breakdown and removal of a clot

Hematoma

a solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues.(blood tumor)

bifurcate

To fork into two branches or divide into two halves(arteries)

confluence

a meeting or gathering together (veins)

Aorta

Largest artery in the body

blood pressure

the pressure that is exerted by the blood against the walls of blood vessels

Basophils

A circulating leukocyte that produces histamine. (Least numerous WBC)

blood

Connective tissue made of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.

Reticulocyte

immature red blood cell

Neutrophils

First responder, phagocyte that is most prominent in pus.

Phagocytes

A type of white blood cell that ingests invading microbes

Eosinophils

Primarily attacks multicellular parasites

T cells

Cells created in the thymus that produce substances that attack infected cells in the body.

B cells

produce antibodies

vasoconstriction

narrowing of blood vessels

platelet plug formation

sealing of the ruptured blood vessel

Agglutination

clumping of red blood cells

Agranulocytes

lymphocytes and monocytes

Erythropoietin

a hormone secreted by the kidneys that increases the rate of production of red blood cells in response to falling levels of oxygen in the tissues.

Globulins

antibodies

Hematocrit

percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells

Phagocytosis

Cell eating

Apoptosis

cell death

vasoconstriction

narrowing of blood vessels

vasodilation

widening of blood vessels