US History - Unit 2

What is a cause of Westward expansion

Manifest Destiny = US had a mission to expand and spread democracy and religion, God told them it was their fate

What is an effect of Westward Expansion

Economic Growth, but also deep cultural, political, and environmental displacement

What was Americas mission?

To grow and be the best

Push factors for Westward expansion (bad things at home)

1. overpopulation

2. ethnic and religious repression

3. east farmland was too expensive

What are pull factors for westward expansion? (what’s good)

1. incentives (land acts)

2. miners (gold)

3. ranchers and farmers

Pacific Railway Act

Large land grants to railroad companys to build transcontinental railroad

Morrill land-grant Act

1862, free federal land, create agricultural and mechanical arts college

Homestead Act 1862

Free land given to build a house and farm on it for 5 years in a row

Why did the US promote bison hunting?

They knew it was the natives main source of food and they wanted to weaken them

Whats a market hunter

Bison meant money, they took out most of them

why did US and Native conflict increase in the 1870s (after civil war)

the US could focus most of their energy into fighting the natives now that the war was over, and the natives were fed up after all the small things

battle of little big horn

cheyenne, Sioux against US (Custer), US lost due to the natives knowing the land better

What tribe fled to Canada and why?

Nez perce because they thought they could find freedom, they were caught at the border

Dawes Act

passed in 1887 to get natives to act like american farmers

ghost dance

dance they believed would make everything go back to before (resistance to assimilation)

wounded knee

last battle of the indian wars to stop the ghost dance, us 7th calvary came to disarm Lakota and tribes, many killed

what was the cause of conflict between the Sioux and US gov

white settlers wouldn’t leave Sioux land

What was the purpose of the boarding schools?

to make them more civilized and eradicate native culutre

who was immigrating in, in the 1880s compared to the 1890s-1900s

1880s = german and Brits (spoke english)

1890s-1900s = slavs, Italians, Jews, greeks (spoke little English)

push factors for immigration into the US

euro population was crowded

religious freedom in US

pull factors for immigration into US

American dream

jobs

Whats the island every immigrants had to pass through

Ellis Island

clusters of immigrants

ethnic enclaves, ghettos, source of politacal machines

Social darwinism

minorities are inferior, ‘I am Better’

nativism

immigrants ruin the native blood and people of the US

why were the new wave of immigrants not welcome

they spoke little to no english

JP morgan

BANKING

andrew carnegie

STEEL

John D. Rockefelller

OIL

Tammny Hall

political machine that runs city

graft

using political power to gain something

muckracker

journalists/photographers that highlight problems in the US and people during gilded age

why did employers want children in factories

they were small enough to reach small places, easily manipulated, and could be payed less

working conditions

hot, dark, bad ventilation, LONG hours

Triangle fire

146 died, law was passed after to make work conditions better