CH 5 Construction Materials and Methods: Chapter 5- Light Frame Construction

Balloon Framing

Method of wood construction that utilizes long continuous framing members (studs) that run from the sill plate to the top plate, with intermediate floor structures let into and nailed to them.

Platform Framing

A method of framing where the floor joists form a platform on which the walls rest.

Which framing method is more resistant to fire?

Platform method

Joists

horizontal structural members used to support a ceiling or floor

Studs

Vertical framing members found in wall construction. Typically placed 16" or 24" on center. Take vertical loads work as columns.

Rafters

beams that support a roof

What are the advantages of platform frame?

- shorter pieces

- more manageable pieces of wood

- fire blocking comes natural

- convenient working surfaces.

What is a disadvantage of platform frame?

each platform constitutes a thick layer of wood whose grain runs horizontally.

Sheathing

A covering placed over exterior studs or rafters that serve as a base below the exterior finish materials.

Rim Joist

cross piece at the end of the joist

Subfloor

The structural floor joined to the joists that support the finish flooring. usually plywood or OSB

Sole Plate

The plate placed at the bottom of a wall.

Top Plate

A horizontal structural member located on top of the studs used to hold the wall together.

Ridge Board

A heavy horizontal board, set on edge at the apex of the roof, to which the rafters are attached.

Header

In a wall opening for a window or door a header is required to help transfer load

Sills

head off the bottom of a window or door opening

Trimmer studs stiffen the sides of an opening and carry the weight of the ____.

header

Trimmer Stud

shortened stud that carriers a header above a wall opening

All studs, floor joists, and roof rafters are arranged at what distance?

4ft to fit a 4x8 ft piece of OSB of plywood.

Blocking

putting a piece os 2x4 or 2x6 in-between the floor joist of studs to prevent deflection/ buckling.

termite shield

A shield, usually of noncorrodible metal, placed on top of the foundation wall or around pipes to prevent passage of termites.

what size gap is kept between the subfloor plywood

1/8

Cripple Studs are found:

Above door and window headers and below window rough sills

blocking is required if walls exceed _____.

10 ft

Wall Sheathing

4'X8' panels attached to outside of framed walls, usually plywood or OSB. add stiffness helps with lateral forces.

Housewrap

A synthetic sheet material with water-resistive and air-resistive properties used as a substitute for asphalt-saturated felt or building paper to provide a protective layer in an exterior wall assembly.

roof types

flat, shed, gable, hip, gambrel, mansard

flat roof

shed roof

slopes to one side

gable roof

A pitched roof with two sloped sides

hip roof

A roof with four sloped sides

Gambrel Roof

A curb roof, having a steep lower slope with a flatter upper slope above.

Mansard Roof

a roof that has four sloping sides, each of which becomes steeper halfway down

dormer window

bedroom window set into a roof

Valley in Roof

When a building footprint is not rectangular, two roofs often come together to form a valley.

Hip Rafter

Rafters laid diagonally from corner of a plate or girts to the ridge