HOSA Sports Medicine Practice Test

a heart rate or pulse that is less than 60 beats per minute is called ______

bradycardia

to feel the radial pulse, it is best to use your _____

first two fingers

T/F: a person in cardiac arrest will have no pulse.

TRUE

the rate of ___________ increases when the cells need more energy, such a during exercise

respiration

an athlete who breathes in 11 times and out 11 times would have a respiration rate of ____

11

A cross-country runner who had not had enough fluids would probably have _____ blood pressure.

low

an individual in which infectious microorganisms reside is called the

reservoir host

breaks in the skin, saliva, reproductive secretions, and blood are examples of

portal of exit

an insect that transmits West Nile Virus to a child in New Jersey is an example of

Route of Transmission

which of the following is most important in maintaining an aseptic environment?

washing hands

for proper handwashing you should scrub your hands for

120 seconds

what cannot be transmitted by a needle stick

hepatitis A

the radial pulse site is located at the

wrist

which pulse site is most commonly used for checking blood pressure

brachial

a normal rate of respiration for a well-trained athlete would be

6-8 breaths per minute

what is the main purpose in taking an individual's vital signs

to assess the conditions of the various body systems

a rapid but weak pulse usually will indicate

shock, bleeding, diabetic coma, or heat exhaustion

the rhythm of a pulse is described as

regular or irregular

abnormally rapid breathing is called

tachypnea

people or animals with no disease symptoms but can still transmit the disease

carriers

complete destruction of all microbial life

sterilized

preventing infection

aseptic

transferred

transmitted

blood cells that fight infections and disease are part of the ______

immune system

practices or procedures that ensure removal or destruction of infected material or organimsms

clean technique

single-celled organisms that can destroy blood cells

bacteria

state of equilibrium in body systems

homeostasis

assessment of body functions essential to life (heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, temperature)

vital signs

vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the body

arteries

bringing oxygen into the body and expelling carbon dioxide

respiration

high blood pressure

hypertension

force exerted by blood circulating against wall of arteries

blood pressure

vessels that carry blood from the body to the heart

veins

how warm it is inside the body

core temperature

abnormally slow breathing

bradypnea

shortness of breath

dyspnea

periods of apnea followed by periods of fast and slow breathing

Cheyne-stokes respiration

temporary or permanent stopping of breathing

apnea

abnormally rapid breathing

tachypnea

the spread of disease can be stopped by removing any _____ in the chain of infection

link

you should avoid touching anything else while you put on gloves, to avoid _______

contamination

most needle sticks occur due to _______

carelessness

blood vessels expand and ________ every time that heart beats

contract

a pulse that speeds up and slows down while the person is sitting still is an ________ pulse

irregular

the _______ artery is located on the face in front of the ear

temporal

a single respiration consists of one inspiration and one ________

expiration

the area in the brain that regulates body temperature is called the_________

hypothalamus

Video!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fc7gFIHC4hk

Lateral Neck Stretch

stretches: sternocleidomastoid

Chest Stretch

stretches: pectorals- pectoralis major

Anterior Deltoid Stretch

stretches: anterior deltoid

Posterior Deltoid Stretch

stretches: posterior deltoid

Triceps stretch

stretches: triceps

Wrist stretch

stretches: flexor carpi ulnaris and radialis

Back extension/Abdominals stretch

stretches: rectus abdominus

Low back stretch (one knee)

stretches: erector spinae

Low back stretch (two knees)

stretches: erector spinae and latissimus dorsi

Cat Stretch

stretches: erector spinae and latissimus dorsi

Hip flexor stretch

stretches: hip flexor

Hip/Truck Stretch

stretches: glutes, erector spinae

Groin Stretch

adductors group (brevis, longus, magnus)

Lying Hamstring Stretch

stretches: hamstring

Standing Hamstring Stretch

stretches: hamstring

Standing quadriceps stretch

stretches: quadriceps

Gastrocnemius stretch

stretches: gastrocnemius

Soleus Stretch

stretches: soleus

Sports Psychologist

The professional who can advise the athlete on the psychological aspects of the rehabilitation

process and how to cope with an injury

Sports Medicine

The branch of healthcare that deals with evaluating athletes and preventing and treating injuries. These athletes will range from wheelchair basketball players to the extreme skiers.

Therapeutic Modalities

The use of heat, cold, or electrical stimulation to produce an increase or decrease in blood flow

Athletic Training

The division of sports medicine that deals with the care and prevention of the athletic injuries and the management of training methods used by professional or amateur athletes and the active population

Athletic Trainer (AT)

Allied Healthcare professional educated and trained in the prevention, assessment, treatment, and rehabilitation of injuries

Board of Certification (BOC)

The certifying organization for the athletic trainer

National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA)

A not-for-profit organization, with more than 27,000 members nationwide, that is committed to the advancement, encouragement, and improvement of the athletic training

Strength and Conditioning Specialist (SCS)

A professional member of the sports medicine team who evaluates existing levels of fitness and athleticism, along with helping increase the strength and endurance of an individual or team while promoting a healthier lifestyle.

Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)

Group healthcare plan that provides a predetermined, prepaid medical care benefit package

Physical Fitness Programs

A method of exercise designed to prepare an individual to become physically able to do the activities he or she wishes to do in daily life, without causing undue physical stress

Physical Therapy Aide

An individual who is not licensed but is able to perform clerical tasks under the direct supervision of a physical therapist and physical therapy assistant

Physical Therapy Assistant

An individual who has earned a two-year associate's degree and is involved in clinical tasks, such as patient care and recording treatments, under the direct supervision of a physical therapist

Sports Medicine Team

Physician (captain), Athletic Trainer, Coach, Athletes, Community Healthcare Facility

School Sports Medicine Team

Athletes' Parents and School Administration

Additional Members

Nutritionist, Sports Psychologist, Coach, and/or Strength and Conditioning Specalist

The Coach

Help prevent further injury to a player by not permitting the athlete to return to play until it is deemed safe to do so by the certified AT or team or family physician

The Athlete

To carry out the instructions given by the doctor, AT, or coach

Athletic Training Student / Aide

An individual who is studying the skills necessary for the prevention, assessment, treatment, and rehabilitation of athletes

Hydrated

Processing water or fluid, especially in the tissues

Assumption of Risk

Acceptance of responsibility for the risks involved in the participation in a given activity

Liability

Legal responsibility to perform duties in a reasonable and prudent manner

Competitive Fitness

the strength, endurance, and mental well-being required to be competitive in sports activities.

congenital

a condition present at birth

essential body fat

the minimum amount of body fat necessary for the proper protection of internal organs.

Fat weight

the weight of a body after the lean body weight has been subtracted

general fitness

the ability to perform daily activities with vitality and energy, to withstand stress without undue fatigue, and maintain physical health without medical intervention

hamstrings

the muscles on the posterior aspect of the femur

lean body weight

the weight of a body after the fat weight has been subtracted

muscle contractions

concentric, eccentric, isometric

Parallel

extending in the same direction and remaining separated by the same distance along the entire length, never crossing paths.

Range of Motion (ROM)

the maximum range through which a joint can move.

Recovering Heart Rate

the number of times the heart beats in 1 minute 60 seconds after completion of 3 or more minutes of exercise

repetition

the completion of a designated movement through the entire range of motion

resting heart rate

the number of times the heart beats in 1 minute when no physical activity is taking place