CH. 8 extinction and stimulus control

Extinction (procedure)

the nonreinforcement of a previously reinforced response, resulting in a decrease in response strength

Extinction (process)

the resultant decrease in response strength over time when a behavior is no longer reinforced

Extinction burst

a temporary increase in the frequency and intensity of a behavior when extinction is first implemented

Resurgence

the reappearance during extinction of other behaviors that had once been effective in obtaining reinforcement (example

Resistance to extinction

the persistence of a response when an extinction procedure has been implemented

Partial Reinforcement Effect (PRE)

the finding that behaviors maintained on an intermittent reinforcement schedule extinguish more slowly than those maintained on continuous reinforcement

Spontaneous recovery

the reappearance of an extinguished response to a conditioned stimulus following a rest period after extinction

Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior (DRO)

the reinforcement of any behavior other than the target behavior that is being extinguished

Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior (DRI)

the reinforcement of a behavior that is specifically incompatible with the target behavior being extinguished (example

Stimulus control

a condition in which the presence of a particular stimulus reliably affects the probability of a response

Stimulus generalization

the tendency for an operant response to be emitted in the presence of stimuli that are similar to the discriminative stimulus

Generalization gradient

a graphic depiction of the strength of responding in the presence of stimuli that vary along a continuum from the original discriminative stimulus

Stimulus discrimination

the tendency for an operant response to be emitted more in the presence of one stimulus than another

Discrimination training

the reinforcement of responding in the presence of one stimulus and not another

Peak shift effect

an effect of discrimination training where the peak of a generalization gradient shifts away from the discriminative stimulus to a novel stimulus in the opposite direction of the S-delta (example

Behavioral contrast

the phenomenon where a change in the rate of reinforcement on one component of a multiple schedule produces an opposite change in the rate of response on another component

Anticipatory contrast

a behavioral contrast effect where the rate of response varies inversely with an upcoming anticipated change in the rate of reinforcement (example

Errorless discrimination training

a discrimination training procedure where the S-delta is introduced early in weak form and gradually strengthened to prevent errors