MCAT

Vector in DNA experiments

A DNA molecule that is used as a vehicle to artificially carry DNA fragments to other cells.

Whenever a question mentions measuring concentration spectrophotometrically you should use:

Beer-Lambert’s law. A = ecL (where A is absorbance, e is molar absorptivity, c is concentration, and L is path length)

incomplete penetrance

scenario where the carrier of the gene mutation will sometimes but not always develop the disease. ie: father in second generation doesn’t have disease but children do

Changes in basal cellular protein levels leading to loss of cell cycle control

Cellular pathology of all types of cancer.

Zinc finger proteins

proteins that regulate gene expression and RNA metabolism. (ex: ZNF9)

What do zinc finger proteins do when bound to DNA?

They either turn on or off the cell’s machinery to read the gene and make RNA.

what do zinc finger proteins do when bound to RNA?

they splice and rejoin rna transcripts into functional mature rna and control how long RNA molecule can last before being degraded

1 KDa = 1000 Da = ??? (g/mol)

1000 g/mol

because: Da = g/mol

Number of moles’ equation

Mass (g) / Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Silent Mutation

Missense Mutation

Nonsense Mutation

what is this mutation

Frameshift Mutation

what is the mutation group called?

Types of Point Mutations

Loss of Function Mutation

Type of mutation when there is a defective form of “thing” or a lack of “thing” completely.

chemotaxis

movement of an organism or entity in response to a chemical stimulus