AP Lang QUIZ

Exordium

Speaker/write tries to win attention and goodwill of audience while introducing subject/problem

Narratio

Speaker/writer presents the facts and puts the argument into context (tension is established here)

Confirmatio

Speaker/writer offers detailed support for the claim, using logical reasoning and factual evidence

Refutatio

Speaker/writer recognizes and refutes opposing claims or evidence

Peroratio

Speaker/writer summarizes the case and moves audience to action

Chronological

time

Spatial

Physical space

Climactic

Climax (most effective line of reasoning)

Topical

by topic

Problem-solution

Identify problem, then argue solution

Ethos

Deals with the ethics (or character/credibility) of speaker

Logos

The logic of the message

Pathos

Emotions/feelings of the audience