619 9/29 GLA UL Structural Anatomy

Upper Limb Bones Overview

Anterior Scapula

Acromion

Coracoid Process

Spine of Scapula

Superior Angle

Inferior Angle

Medial Border

Glenoid Fossa

Scapular Notch

Supraspinous Fossa

Infraspinous Fossa

Subscapular Fossa

Posterior Scapula

Clavicle

Acromial Facet

Sternal Facet

Anterior Humerus

Head of Humerus

Posterior Humerus

Anatomical Neck of Humerus

Surgical Neck of Humerus

Greater Tubercle

Lesser Tubercle

Intertubercular Sulcus

Deltoid Tuberosity

Radial Groove

Lateral Epicondyle

Medial Epicondyle

Olecranon Fossa

Capitulum

Trochlea

Ulna

Olecranon Process (Ulna)

Cornoid Process (Ulna)

Radial Notch (Ulna)

Ulnar Tuberosity

Head of Ulna

Styloid Process of Ulna

Radius

Head of Radius

Neck of Radius

Radial Tuberosity

Ulnar Notch (Radius)

Styloid Process of Radius

Articulation of Ulna and Radius Diagram

3 Locations Where Radius and Ulna Articulate

head of radius rotates within radial notch of ulna

interosseous membrane bridges bone shafts

ulnar notch of radius rotates around head of ulna

Carpals

Scaphoid

Lunate

Triquetrium

Pisiform

Trapezium

Trapezoid

Capitate

Hamate

Carpal Lanmarks and Joints

Metacarpals and Phalanges

Thumb

pollex

Overview of Blood Supply to Upper Limb Diagram

Overview of Blood Supply to the Upper Limb

blood supply starts from the subclavian artery

a few small banches will continue to the shoulder, but most will continue distally and become the axillary artery as it crosses the lateral border at the first rib

after providing blood to the shoulder and some upper arm the axillary artery will exit this region, and become the brachial artery once it crosses the inferior border of the teres major muscle

the brachial artery splits into the radial and ulnar arteries as they cross the cubital fossa

the radial and ulnar arteries will rejoin each other in the hand with the anastomosing deep and superficial palmar arches

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

compression of the subclavian vessels and/or brachial plexus as they pass between the clavicle and 1st rib

omt focuses on treating the somatic dysfunction in this region such as the cervical region, upper thoracics, upper ribs, clavicles, scalene muscles, shoulder and pectoral girdle

Thyrocervical Trunk

branches off of the subclavian artery before it becomes the axillary artery, supplies shoulder muscles that attach to thorax

has suprascapular and transverse scapular → dorsal scapular artery branches

Subclavian Diagram

Suprascapular Artery and Nerve

travel together, past the superior transverse scapular ligament to supply/innervate the supraspinatus muscle

then goes through spinoglenoid notch towards the infraspinatus muscle

Suprascapular Artery and Nerve Diagram

army goes over the bridge (superior transverse scapular ligament), navy goes under the bridge

3 Segments of Axillary Artery

proximal to medial border of pectoralis minor muscle

deep to the pectoralis minor muscle

distal to the lateral border of the pectoralis minor muscle

Segments of Axillary Artery Diagram

Subdivision of Axillary Artery

Subdivision of 1st Part of Axillary Artery

superior thoracic artery

Subdivision of 2nd Part of Axillary Artery

thoracoacromial artery

lateral thoracic artery

Subdivision of 3rd Part of Axillary Artery

subscapular artery

posterior circumflex humeral artery

anterior circumflex humeral artery

Main Blood Supply to Glenohumeral Joint Capsule

posterior circumflex humeral artery (technically forms an anastomose with the anterior one)

Bigger Shoulder Artery

Shoulder vs Real

Quadrangular Space

region where the posterior circumflex humeral artery and axillary nerve pass through

Humeral Fractures

several nerves and vessels pass by the proximal humeral shaft and could be at risk of injury with a fracture of the surgical neck

includes anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries that supply blood to the proximal shaft and head of the humerus

Suprascapular Artery

Transverse Cervical Artery

Axillary Artery

Dorsal Scapular Artery

Circumflex Scapular Artery

Thoracodorsal Artery

Subscapular Artery

Posterior Circimflex Humeral Artery

Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery