OT 504 - CanMOP

What is the central aim of CanMOP

to provide guidance to occupational therapists in their reflection, reasoning, and analysis about occupational participation.

What does CanMOP stand for?

the Canadian Model of Occupational Participation

What are the three parts of CanMOP?

1. The Model: CanMOP

2. The practice approach: Collaborative relationship-focused Occupational Therapy

3. The Framework: Canadian Occupational Therapy Inter-Relational Practice Process (COTIPP)

How is occupational participation defined?

having access to, initiating and sustaining valued occupations within meaningful relationships and contexts

How is occupational performance defined?

choosing, organizing, and performing meaningful occupations.

How is occupational engagement defined?

performance in the moment

How must occupational engagement be considered in CanMOP?

For both individuals and collectives (families, groups, communities, and populations)

What are the two central considerations of CanMOP?

Meaning and purpose, and occupational possibilities

What is meaning and purpose influenced by in CanMOP?

history and relationships

What are occupational possibilities shaped by in CanMOP?

shaped by context at the micro, meso, amd macro levels

What does CanMop emphasize for the meaning and purpose of occupational participation?

meaning and purpose of occupational participation is specific to individuals and collectives AND meaning needs to be understood from the perspectives of those individuals and collectives, rather than the OT working with them.

What is the purpose of occupational participation in CanMOP?

occupational participation is guided by the four basic needs of survival. Safety, Autonomy, Relatedness, and Competence.

What are relationships role in meaning and purpose?

Relationships play a central role in shaping the meaning and purpose of occupational participation

What are the key aspects of understanding meaning and purpose for individuals and collectives?

Relationships, history, stories, hopes and dreams, and experiences

What is the CanMOP Life Course Perspective?

perspective to place a persons life within its temporal context, deepening understanding of how the meaning and purpose off occupational participation are influenced by aspects of that life

What are the five principles of The Life Course Perspective

(1) Lifelong development, which acknowledges that life unfolds over time and that past experiences influence the present. (2) Historical time and place, emphasizes that people's lives are shaped by the historical times and geographical contexts they live in. (3) Timing in lives, which stresses that the impact of life events depends on when they occur in a person's life, with earlier events affecting later experiences. (4) Linked lives, where people are understood to exist within networks of relationships with others. (5) Agency, where people are seen to be able to take action within the context of opportunities and constraints afforded by their situation.

What makes up Occupational Possibilities in CanMOP?

to access, initiate, and sustain participation in occupation. The background is the context that is explored at the micro, meso, and macro levels.

When are OTs able to engage with occupational possibilities?

Once they have gained a good understanding of the meaning and purpose of an individual's or collective's occupation.

How are Occupational Possibilities defined?

Socially accepted ways of doing things that develop and make sense within a specific time and culture. Context determines expectations, barriers, and affordances regarding occupational participation.

What is the micro context?

Personal direct interaction with people and the physical environment

What is the meso context?

The level of social systems, organizations or programs and neighborhood or community built environments

What is the macro context?

Broad socioeconomic and political contexts and social and cultural values or beliefs that are reinforced by policy and legislation. Regulates Meso context.

What is the CanMOP guide for OTs on how the micro, meso, and macro contexts can be inhibiting?

Access, Initiate, and Sustain

How is "Access" defined within CanMOP?

OT's should improve occupational participation by improving access to occupations are community and population levels

What are the interventions of "Access"?

Interventions aim to improve access for people in general, rather than for specific individuals...

- asking about barriers people experience

- advocating with municipal bodies to improve access to built environments

- intervening to reduce stigma, discrimination, or oppression.

Includes addressing barriers at the meso and macro levels.

How is "Initiate" defined in CanMOP?

People need to be able to initiate contextually meaningful occupation.

What factors inhibit initiation?

Concrete: cost, time, insufficient skills or confidence, and limited public services (ex: transportation)

Abstract: social attitudes that reduce acceptance of new people.

How is "Sustain" defined in CanMOP?

People need to be able to sustain occupational participation over time.

What is the Collaborative Relationship-Focused Occupational Therapy guideline?

Centers on relationships where OTs aim to work in collaboration to identify goals and priorities that are meaningful to the client.

What are the key characteristics of the Collaborative Relationship-Focused Occupational Therapy guideline?

1. Contextually relevant relationships

2. Nuaned relationships

3. Striving for safety in therapeutic relationships

4. Promotes rights-based self-determination

What are contextually relevant relationships?

The relationship betwen the OT and the people they work with needs to be founded on mutual respect and an appreciation that worldviews, values, and beliefs are varied among people

What are nuanced relationships?

To understand what is important to clients and what their priorities are. Therapists should not impose their own priorities on the relationship.

What is striving for safety in therapeutic relationships?

OT's need to ensure their clients feel safe physically, emotionally, spiritually, and culturally. Risk should be minimized and harm should be prevented.

What is promoting rights-based self-determination?

a collaborative relationship that respects people's entitlement to make decisions that affect their lives and communities.

What are the two enduring values of the Collaborative Relationship-Focused Occupational Therapy?

(1) It places the people that OTs work with at the center of the approach (2) Throughout the discussions of the approach, OT's aspirations of equity and justice are embedded.

What are the four components of structural competency?

(1) developing an awareness of how social structures contribute to health, behaviors, choices, and occupational possibilities of people (2) Understanding how OT's clinical actions and decisions are shaped by their social positions and other economic and sociopolitical factors (3) remembering that the societal structures that create inequalities should not be combined with culture (4) using interventions like advocacy to address structural violence.

What is the aim of COTIPP?

The underlying process to build and sustain relationships.

What are the three foundational processes of COTIPP?

(1) seek understanding about context (2) reflect, critically reflect (3) use justice, equity, and rights-based lenses

How is "Seek understanding about context" defined?

the aspects of contexts that people live in and participate in are mutually influencing.

What are the three aspects of context in COTIPP?

the therapist's context, the practice context, and the individual's/collective's context.

How is "Reflect, critically reflect" defined?

Reflection-in-action allows therapists to observe what is working well and what is not to make adjustments there and then to improve the process of therapy

How is "Use juice, equity, and rights-based lenses" defined?

OT's must uphold the rights of people to justice and equal access to occupational participation.

What are the six action domains of COTIPP?

(1) connect (2) seek understanding and define the purpose (evaluation) (3) explore occupational participation (4) co-design priorities, goals, outcomes, and plans (5) trial the plan, explore change, and refine the plan (6) Plan for transition.

How is "Connect" defined as an action domain?

First meeting with individuals and collectives for the beginning of the collaborative relationship.

How is "Seek understanding and define purpose" defined as an action domain?

Deep listening to concerns, priorities, goals, beliefs, dreams, and aspirations regarding occupational participation.

How is "Explore Occupational Participation" defined as an action domain?

Collaborative determination of how the client's current occupational concerns, aspirations, and possibilities will be approaches.

How is "Co-design priorities, goals, outcomes, and plans" defined as an action domain?

Central principle of COTIPP. OT's work with client's to understand their priorities for occupational participation and to jointly identify meaningful goals and outcomes.

How is "Trial the plan, explore change, and refine the plan" defined as an action domain?

trialing the action planned, co-monitoring it's effects on occupational participation, make adjustments, and advocate for change at micro meso and macro levels when applicable.

How is "Plan for transition" defined as an action domain?

Transitioning from OT services.

What are the three assumptions about the COTIPP framework?

(1) It is different in every context (2) it often, but not always, has a defined beginning and end (3) The process is fluid, so steps are most often co-occurring (but can go in order)

What are the six enhancements (assumptions) of CanMOP?

(1) an explicit focus on occupational participation (2) the removal of categories (c) explicit consideration of meaning (4) advanced consideration of performance components and the environment (5) Explicit consideration of history (6) explicit consideration of occupational possibilities

What is an explicit focus on occupational participation in CanMOP?

Occupational participation is at the center of the model. Meaning and context of occupations is heavily considered, and that the person can do them with whoever they wish in an environment that is important to them.

What is the removal of categories in CanMOP?

Categories can assume the purpose of occupations but they can be different among individuals.

What is the explicit consideration of meaning in CanMOP?

The meaning of occupation should be central to the practice of OT. The meaning of occupation can be linked to spirituality.

What is the advanced consideration of performance components and the environment in CanMOP?

The physical, cognitive, and affective performance components, along with the need to understand how the environment affects occupational performance. How the micro, meso, and macro levels of environment impact one another and occupational performance.

What is the explicit consideration of history in CanMOP?

Focus on the individual's history using the life course perspective. How the timing of events in a person's life, as well as the past, impacts the present.

What is the explicit consideration of occupational possibilities in CanMOP?

Looking at the context (micro, meso, macro) to see the realities of what is available to individuals and collectives.