Real chapter 5

What is a computer network?

Two or more computers connected to communicate and share information, software, devices, and processing power.

What is a Network Interface Card (NIC)?

A device that connects a computer to a network and allows information to flow in and out.

What is the difference between a hub, switch, and router?

Hub connects computers; switch allows multiple communications links simultaneously; router connects networks and separates them.

What are the two types of networking media?

Bounded (wired) and unbounded (wireless).

What are examples of bounded and unbounded media?

Bounded: twisted-pair, coaxial, fiber-optic. Unbounded: WiFi, Bluetooth, satellites, infrared, and radio.

What is a networking protocol?

Rules and formats that ensure efficient and error-free communication between devices.

What is an IP address?

A numerical address used to identify a device on a network.

What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6?

IPv4 supports approximately 4.3 billion addresses; IPv6 supports approximately 340 undecillion.

What is DNS (Domain Name System)?

A system that works with domain names and domain name servers.

What is the difference between LAN, MAN, and WAN?

LAN covers a small area; MAN covers a metropolitan area; WAN covers large geographic distances.

What is the Internet?

A worldwide group of connected networks that allows public access to information and services.

What is the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web?

The Internet is the network of connected networks; the Web is a system of hyperlinked documents accessed through it.

Who created the World Wide Web and why?

Tim Berners-Lee created it at CERN for collaborative research.

What are URL, HTTP, and HTML?

URL identifies a resource; HTTP is the communication protocol; HTML is the language used to create webpages.

What are the main parts of a URL?

Protocol, domain name, directory/path, filename, and anchor name.

What is packet switching?

Breaking data into smaller packets that travel through networks and are reassembled at their destination.

What is the difference between an intranet and an extranet?

Intranet is a private network for employees (B2E); extranet serves external parties like suppliers and customers (B2B).

What are IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS?

Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, and Software as a Service.

What is the difference between IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS?

IaaS provides infrastructure; PaaS provides a platform for applications; SaaS provides ready-to-use software.

What are potential concerns when using service providers?

Vendor lock-in, support levels, security/privacy, and the vendor's roadmap.