Geography Mid-unit test: Nigeria

Case study?

Shell

Population?

200 million

LIC, NEE or HIC

was LIC, now NEE

Ranking of population in the world

4th

What is Nigeria referred to as? Why?

‘Giant of Africa’ - vastness of land, diversity of people and languages and huge population

How many languages are spoken in Nigeria?

At least 250

Poverty rate?

At least 60% of Nigerians live below the poverty line

Climate?

Rainforest - many endangered species (animals killed by hunters and habitats are destroyed)

Most important export?

Oil

Population structure?

Few elderly people

Large amount of young people

Median age: 18 years

Nigeria’s economy?

Highest in Africa

Significant inequality gap

Where is Shell located in Nigeria?

Niger Delta - oil industry (TNSs)

Niger delta?

River mouth splits into many different channels before flowing into the sea

Flooded land is rich in nutrients - good for farming

Many people work as fishers

Multiplier effect?

Investment allows people to get more jobs, they can then buy from local businesses which boosts economy so more money can be invested etc.

Environmental issues - Oil

Oil spills - damage farmland

Gas flares - air pollution

Oil heated by the sun is highly flammable - wild fires?

Oil spills in the sea - affects sea life

Oil spilt in Niger Delta /year?

40 million litres

Life expectancy in Niger Delta?

10 years below national average

How much money does the UK give to Nigeria in aid /year?

£300 million

Types of aid? (x6)

Biliteral aid: one country to another

Multilateral aid: many countries through UN

Short term aid: in response to natural disaster

Long term aid: given over many years to help development

Top down: money for big projects

Bottom up: money for community projects

Example of malaria prevention scheme?

Nets for life

How many malaria deaths in Nigeria /year?

over 200 000

What is level of development?

How far a country has grown economically, technologically and their average quality of life

What is HDI?

Human development index: a social and economical measure of development

What does GNI show?

Average wealth of citizens of a country

Causes for uneven development? (4x physical, 4x economic)

Weather + climate

Relief (mountainous regions)

Landlocked countries

Tropical environments

Trade

HIC’s

Poverty

LIC’s

Effect of colonisation?

LIC’s were colonised by powerful countries and exploited for their raw materials and cheap labour

Africa’s share of global wealth vs world’s population?

~ 1% global wealth

over 12% worlds population

How many crossed the Channel in small boats in 2022?

40 000

International aid examples?

Fairtrade

Debt relief

Microfinance - borrowing money in loans

Intermediate technology - simple technology for local communities to use

Example of a country where growth of tourism in an LIC or NEE helps to reduce development gap?

Tunisia

How many jobs did tourism in Tunisia provide?

260 000