Cardiovascular System

apex of heart

base of heart

mediastinum

space between the lungs

epicardium

visceral layer of pericardium

myocardium

cardiac muscle tissue

endocardium

lines inside chambers of heart

pericardium

surrounds and protects heart in mediastinum

left and right atria

upper chambers

auricles

pouch like extensions

left and right ventricles

lower chambers

superior vena cava

return oxygen poor blood to heart

inferior vena cava

return oxygen poor blood to heart

coronary sinus

pulmonary trunk

removes blood from right ventricle

left pulmonary artery

carries blood from the right ventricle to the left lung

right pulmonary artery

takes blood from the right ventricle to the right lung

left pulmonary vein

carries oxygenated blood from the left lung to the left atrium

right pulmonary vein

transports oxygenated blood from the right lung to the left atrium

aorta

name of whole thing

aortic arch

ascending aorta

descending aorta

brachiocephalic artery

brachiocephalic veins

left common carotid artery

left subclavian artery

subclavian veins

Atrioventricular valves

seperate atria from ventricles to ensure one-way bloodflow

bicuspid valve (mitral)

atrioventricular valve; between left atria and ventricle

tricuspid valve

atrioventricular valve; between right atria and ventricle

aortic semilunar valve

between left ventricle and aorta

pulmonary semilunar valve

between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk

papillary muscles

larger trabeculae carne - ridges of muscles on ventricles

chordae tendineae

string-like cords attached to papillary muscles

interventricular septum

thick wall that separates left and right

path of blood through the heart

pulmonary - moves deoxygenated blood from right side of heart to lungs for gas exchange

systemic - pumps oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to the rest of the body

Axillary artery

Axillary vein

near head of humerus

Brachial vein

Brachial artery

Radial artery

Radial vein

Ulnar artery

Ulnar vein

Abdominal aorta

Renal artery

Renal vein

common iliac artery

common iliac vein

external iliac artery

external iliac vein

femoral artery

femoral vein

popliteal artery

popliteal vein

anterior tibial artery

anterior tibial vein

posterior tibial artery

posterior tibial vein

cephalic vein

basilic vein

median cubital vein

great saphenous vein

anterior interventricular branch

also known as left anterior descending artery

circumflex branch

tunica intima

blood vessel structure

endothelium; provides a physical support for epithelial; internal elastic membrane

tunica media

blood vessel structure

relatively thick layer; vasoconstriction and dilation

tunica externa

outer layer, attaches vessel to surrounding tissue; also called adventitia

lumen

arteries

blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to other organs, tissues, and cells

arterioles

blood vessels small in diameter that branch out from the arteries and lead into capillary beds

capillaries

smallest and most abundant blood vessels that connect arterioles to venules

venules

small blood vessel that connects deoxygenated blood from capillaries to the veins to send the blood back to the heart

veins

blood vessels that transport oxygen-depleted blood from bodily tissues back to the heart

valves of vein

One-way, each _____ has two flaps (cusps or leaflets) whose edges meet. Blood flowing toward the heart pushes the flaps open like a pair of one-way swinging doors.