Everyday memory

what is prospective memory?

memory for carrying out an intended action in the future

what are the two main types of prospective memory?

• time based

• event based

what is time-based prospective memory?

remembering to perform an intended action at a particular time or period of time

what is event-based prospective memory?

remembering to perform an intended action when a particular event occurs or cue is encountered

what is an example of time-based prospective memory?

remembering to take medication at a particular time

what is an example of event-based prospective memory?

remembering to give someone a message when yu next see them

what did Ellis propose about prospective memory?

can involve different processes, including monitoing for the appropriate opportunity to act

what is meant by a pulse in prospective memory?

a brief increase in attention/monitoring associated with an intended action

what are the steps involved in prospective memory?

• forming the intention

• retaining the intention

• noticing the appropriate opportunity/cue

• executing the intended action

what can happen when there are intermediate tasks between forming an intention and carrying it out?

can make prospective remembering more difficult

Why can interruptions affect prospective memory?

disrupts the ongoing activity and make it harder to remember the intended action

what determines prospective memory success?

• noticing the appropriate cue/opportunity

• carrying out the intended action

what is PAM?

preparatory attentional and memory processes, theory of prospective memory

what does PAM theory propose?

PM tasks can require preparatory attentional processes in addition to remembering the intention itself

what is the multi-process theory of prospective memory?

PM performance can rely on different processes depending on the task and circumstances

what is autobiographical memory?

memory for events and experiences relating to one’s own life

what is autonoetic awareness?

awareness of oneself in relation to personally experienced events, including a sense of mentally re-experiencing them

what is noetic awareness?

awareness/knowledge without the same sense of mentally re-experiencing a specific personal event

what are the two dimensions of autobiographical memories?

• specificity

• field or observer perspective

what is a field perspective?

remembering an event from the perspective from your own eyes

what is an observer perspective?

viewing a past event as an outsider perspective

what is the self memory system?

a system linking autobiographical memory with the self and current goals

what is the working self?

the part of self memory system concerned with current goals and self related processes that influence what is remembered

what is infantile amnesia?

the relative absence of autobiographical memories from the ealiest period of childhood

what are the factors related to infantile amnesia?

• development of cognitive abilities

• development of the self

• development of language

what is the reminiscence bump?

the tendency for older adults to have a disproportionately large number of autobiographical memories from adolescence and early adulthood

what developmental period is associated with the reminiscence bump?

adolscence and early childhood