PSY Exam 1 My Version

affect

emotion, mood, feelings

behavior

observable actions, responses, facial expressions (outwardly observable)

cognition

thoughts, perceptions, and mental actions

positive correlation

indicates a direct relationship, 2 things increase or decrease together

negative correlation

indicates an inverse relationship, as 1 thing increases, the other decreases

reinforcement basic meaning

more likely to happen again

punishment basic meaning

less likely to happen again

positive basic meaning

adding a stimulus

negative basic meaning

removing/avoiding a stimulus

positive reinforcement

strengthens behaviors by adding a desired stimulus

negative punishment

discourages behaviors by removing a wanted stimulus

positive punishment

discourages behaviors by adding a wanted stimulus

continuous reinforcement

reinforced very time the behavior is performed

fixed ratio reinforcement

predictable reinforcement based on how many times the behavior is done

fixed interval reinforcement

predictable reinforcement based on when the behavior is done

variable ratio reinforcement

unpredictable reinforcement based on how many times the behavior is done

variable interval reinforcement

unpredictable reinforcement based on when the behavior is done

reinforcement trends

observational learning

watching and imitating is especially critical in development

highly effective ways of learning

teaching to learn, testing effect, spacing effect

teaching to learn

creates organization structure for info, requires elaboration on what is known

spacing effect

learning is more effective when study sessions are spaced out VS. close in time

teaching to learn and testing effect force learner to

address what they do or don’t know

generative benefit

memory better for something you made VS. something you took in passively

modal model of memory

sympathetic nervous system

fight or flight response

parasympathetic nervous system

rest or digest response

parts of neuron

dendrites, cell body, axon, myelin sheath, terminal branches, synapse

dendrites function

listen

cell body function

center of decision making

axon function

messenger service

myelin sheath function

insulation, efficiency in carrying messages

terminal branches function

talk and send messages to next neuron